What causes some soils derived from recent volcanic parent material to have potentially great fertility and water holding capacity?

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
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ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
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What causes some soils derived from recent volcanic parent material to have potentially great fertility and water holding capacity? 

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Step 1: Introducing Andisols

Andisols are soils formed from volcanic ash. These soils have properties that are derived from aluminum–humus complexes. The mineralogical composition of these soils includes volcanic glass, minerals namely allophane and imogolite. Association of such minerals results in high water holding capacity & low retention of cations.

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