What causes Hyperpolarization following the spike of the action potential? Voltage-gated K+ channels close slowly allowing K+ ions to leave the cell The opening of leaky Na+ channels The Na+/K+ pump briefly reverses the direction of ion flow Both Na+ channels and K+ channels become inactivated Na+ and Cl- enter the cell until the Na+/Cl- pump closes

Q: What will happen when ligand gated sodium channels open on a neuron? What will enter/exit the cell?…

A: Ligand-containing ion channels bind to neurotransmitters and are open to responding to ligand…

Q: Propagation of action potential and transmission mean:   current flow along the cell membrane…

A: Introduction: The action potential is the name given to the brief series of events that occur in the…

Q: The refractory period goes from "absolute" to "relative" when:   The inactivation gate of Na+…

A: Introduction: When the stimulus strength reaches at least reach the strength of threshold, there is…

Q: The trigger for an action potential is:

A: The potential difference across a membrane is known as the Membrane Potential. Frequent, rapid…

Q: Extracellular recordings create a distinct action potential. Choose the option that best describes…

A: INTRODUCTION :  Extracellular recordings - These are recordings of electrical potentials which are…

Q: The opening of axonal voltage-gated K+ channels is responsible for which part of the action…

A: Theses channels locate in cell membranes and control transportation of K +ions efflux from and…

Q: Put the events for action potential generation in a neuron in the correct order (From 1-9)

A: Action potential generation is a fundamental process in neurons, allowing them to transmit…

Q: What membrane protein of the neuron is responsible for briefly increasing the Na+ permeability of…

A: Transporters refer to the membrane protein that transports the molecules and ions from outside of…

Q: Axon segment depolarized to threshold AP regenerated in adjacent axon segment Voltage-gated Na*…

A: A neuron or neural cell is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. These cells…

Q: The rising phase of the action potential is due to: O Na+ influx through voltage-gated Na+ channels.…

A: Introduction  An electrical signal called an action potential passes briefly over the membrane of a…

Q: Place the events involved in generating an action potential in the order in which they occur: 1. K…

A: Nervous system is a type of body system which is involved in control , coordination and transmission…

Q: Identify the stages involved during the changes in membrane potential of the neuron represented in…

A: Nervous system is an important system which helps in maintaining the homeostasis of the human body.…

Q: he entire membrane does not depolarize at the same time. Instead, an action potential is propagated…

A: 1.The electrochemical wave that travels along nerve fibre and stimulates muscles, glands or other…

Q: When a neuron is a rest, the sodium ions flow through the membrane at a very low rate. Why is this?…

A: Ion channels are essential components of neurons that allow for the production and transmission of…

Q: Which ion channel is responsible for the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron?…

A: The synapse or “gap” is the place where information is transmitted from one neuron to another.…

Q: When a neurotransmitter binds with receptors at the membrane, it may cause sodium channels to open.…

A: The endogenous chemicals which makes neurons to communicate with each other throughout the body are…

Q: After an action potential has been initiated, there are two processes that prevent the membrane from…

A: The generation of action potential is very much important characteristics in nerve cells that is…

Q: A post-synaptic cell responds to an incoming signal by opening chloride gates. What will be the…

A: The synapses are the neuronal connections in the nervous system. The synaptic junction allows the…

Q: At the peak of an action potential, would the relative permeability of Na be higher than K? Which…

A: Generation of nerve impulse in nerve  fibres depends upon distribution of sodium and potassium in…

Q: The interior of a neuron's plasma membrane at resting membrane potential will have a positive charge…

A: Membrane potential is also more commonly known as membrane voltage or transmembrane potential. It is…

Q: Tetrodotoxin from pufferfish is a poison that blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels. Therefore it…

A: Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a neurotoxin with high potency. Pufferfish, porcupinefish, ocean sunfish, and…

Q: Explain how triplets are created naturally (without medical intervention during prenatal…

A: Sexual reproduction is the specialized process in which two distinct individuals participate and…

Q: When a membrane channel opens, there is a reduction in the membrane_ which generates allowing ions…

A: Resistance- Here resistance is implied as movement of ions across the membrane. During…

Q: What is responsible for action potentials propagating in one direction? The inactivation of voltage…

A: Action potential generates when the neurons want to pass the information along the body from its…

Q: Upon reaching electrical threshold, which of the following ion channels will open? Leak K+…

A: Neurons or nerve cells are the units of the nervous system. The parts of a neuron are dendrites,…

Q: f a post synaptic neuron is stimulated to threshold by spatial summation this implies that the post…

A: The nervous system is composed of millions of nerve cells called neurons. Synapses are junctions…

Q: Drag and drop the following events of an action potential into its correct order: Voltage-gated Na*…

A: An action potential occurs in neurons and muscles cell. It can be defined as a sudden, rapid,…

Q: which are Communication between neurons is mediated by rapid changes in propagated along the length…

A:

Q: Which of the following is comparable to a negative feedback cycle? opening of voltage-gated Na*…

A: Negative feedback cycles are important mechanisms that help regulate biological processes. In…

Q: If the neuron is stimulated such that its membrane potential changes to 50 mV, what is the sign of…

A: The membrane potential is defined as the variance in electrical potential throughout the plasma…

Q: Opening voltage-gated potassium ion channels will allow potassium ions to O enter, repolarization…

A: There are various potassium channels such as voltage-gated potassium channel, calcium-activated…

Q: If a potassium channel is held open for even longer, leading to an even bigger hyperpolarization of…

A: The Action potential are temporary shift( -ve to +ve)  in the neuron's membrane potential brought…

Q: Which of these ions is actively transported through the cell membrane to re-establish a resting…

A: Resting phase  The potential difference(a charge) across the membrane at rest is called the resting…

Q: Phase Peak Phase Falling Phase Q2. Phases of the action potential Rising Phase membrane is…

A: The nervous system establishes its function by the means of neurons or nerve cells that aid in the…

Q: An increase in the magnitude of depolarization by a graded potential will increase the threshold…

A: Graded potentials occur in plasma membrane of cells but in neurons they occur in the synaptic…

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.