We need to be able to measure the amounts of reactants needed and the amounts of products produced in a chemical reaction. 1. List some common units of measurement used in recipes. 2. These units are not useful in chemistry. However, there are units we can use to measure amounts of chemicals. 3. In chemistry, we often convert between units using constant ratios. Constant ratios are mathematical relationships between two units of measurement. e.g., State a mathematical relationship between each of the following: Daysiyear_ Month/week Month/days Days/hours Minutes/? 4. We can use these relationships to solve the following: a. How many minutes are in 3 days?
States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
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