"We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed. Frankly, I have yet to engage in a direct-action campaign that was "well timed in the view of those who have not suffered unduly from the disease of segregation. ... We must come to see, with one of our distinguished jurists, that justice too long delayed is justice denied." We have waited for more than 340 years for our constitutional and God-given rights. The nations of Asia and Africa are moving with jotlike specd toward gaining political indopendence. but we still creep at horse-and-buggy pace toward gaining a cup of coffee at a lunch counter." Martin Luther King, Jr., African American leader. "Letter from Birmingham Jail," 1963 "The White man knows that the Black revolution is worldwide.... SoI cite these various revolutions, brothers and sisters, to show you that you don't have a peacoful revolution. You don't have a turn-the-other-cheek revolution. There's no such thing as a nonviolent revolution. The only kind of revolution that's nonviolent is the Negro revolution. The only revolution in which the goal is loving your enemy is the Negro revolution. It's the only revolution in which the goal is a desegregated lunch counter, a desegregated theater, a desegregated park, and a desegregated public toilet... That's no revolution. Revolution is based on land....Land is the basis of freedom, justice, and equality.... A revolutionary wants land so he can set up his own nation, an independent nation." Malcolm X. African American leader, "Message to the Grass Roots," 1963 Martin Luther King, Jr., and Malcolm X had which view in common? O a violence was a necessary part of the movement for Black social and political advancement using the courts to challenge the constitutionality of barriers to Black advancement was not a useful strategy it was desirable to work for the desegregation public facilities the movement for Black advancement in the United States was part of a global process of social change O d

"We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed. Frankly, I have yet to engage in a direct-action campaign that was "well timed in the view of those who have not suffered unduly from the disease of segregation. ... We must come to see, with one of our distinguished jurists, that justice too long delayed is justice denied." We have waited for more than 340 years for our constitutional and God-given rights. The nations of Asia and Africa are moving with jotlike specd toward gaining political indopendence. but we still creep at horse-and-buggy pace toward gaining a cup of coffee at a lunch counter." Martin Luther King, Jr., African American leader. "Letter from Birmingham Jail," 1963 "The White man knows that the Black revolution is worldwide.... SoI cite these various revolutions, brothers and sisters, to show you that you don't have a peacoful revolution. You don't have a turn-the-other-cheek revolution. There's no such thing as a nonviolent revolution. The only kind of revolution that's nonviolent is the Negro revolution. The only revolution in which the goal is loving your enemy is the Negro revolution. It's the only revolution in which the goal is a desegregated lunch counter, a desegregated theater, a desegregated park, and a desegregated public toilet... That's no revolution. Revolution is based on land....Land is the basis of freedom, justice, and equality.... A revolutionary wants land so he can set up his own nation, an independent nation." Malcolm X. African American leader, "Message to the Grass Roots," 1963 Martin Luther King, Jr., and Malcolm X had which view in common? O a violence was a necessary part of the movement for Black social and political advancement using the courts to challenge the constitutionality of barriers to Black advancement was not a useful strategy it was desirable to work for the desegregation public facilities the movement for Black advancement in the United States was part of a global process of social change O d