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Valence Shell Bonding Nonbonding Approx. Bond Molecule or Lewis Electron Electron Electron VSEPR Geometric Molecular Ion Structure Pairs Pairs Pairs Formula Angle Shape 1. CH, 4 4 AX, 109.5° tetrahedral H H:C:H 1. Complete the table (as outlined above) for the following molecules/molecular ions, all of which obey the Lewis octet rule. Complete those that are assigned by your laboratory instructor. j. SiF, k. H,S

Valence Shell Bonding Nonbonding Approx. Bond Molecule or Lewis Electron Electron Electron VSEPR Geometric Molecular Ion Structure Pairs Pairs Pairs Formula Angle Shape 1. CH, 4 4 AX, 109.5° tetrahedral H H:C:H 1. Complete the table (as outlined above) for the following molecules/molecular ions, all of which obey the Lewis octet rule. Complete those that are assigned by your laboratory instructor. j. SiF, k. H,S

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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## Determining Molecular Geometry Using the VSEPR Model Understanding the geometry of molecules is crucial for a deeper insight into their chemical properties and behavior. Here, we explore the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) model with an example and an exercise for different molecules/molecular ions: ### Example: Methane (CH₄) | Molecule or Molecular Ion | Lewis Structure | Valence Shell Electron Pairs | Bonding Electron Pairs | Nonbonding Electron Pairs | VSEPR Formula | Approx. Bond Angle | Geometric Shape | |----------------------------|------------------|-----------------------------|------------------------|---------------------------|---------------|---------------------|-----------------| | **1. CH₄** | ![Lewis structure of CH4](ch4_lewis.png) | 4 | 4 | 0 | AX₄ | 109.5° | Tetrahedral | **Explanation:** - **Lewis Structure:** The central carbon atom forms four single bonds with hydrogen atoms, with no lone pairs on the carbon. - **Valence Shell Electron Pairs:** The carbon atom in CH₄ has four valence electron pairs. - **Bonding Electron Pairs:** All four pairs are involved in bonding (with hydrogen atoms). - **Nonbonding Electron Pairs:** There are no lone pairs of electrons on the central atom. - **VSEPR Formula:** AX₄ (where A represents the central atom, and X₄ represents four bonding pairs). - **Approx. Bond Angle:** The bond angles are approximately 109.5°. - **Geometric Shape:** The geometric shape is tetrahedral. ### Exercise: Complete the table (as outlined above) for the following molecules/molecular ions, all of which obey the Lewis octet rule. Complete those that are assigned by your laboratory instructor. 1. **SiF₄** 2. **H₂S** 3. **NH₂⁻** By analyzing these molecules, you will gain practice in applying the VSEPR model to predict molecular geometries based on the Lewis structures and valence shell electron pairs.
Transcribed Image Text:## Determining Molecular Geometry Using the VSEPR Model Understanding the geometry of molecules is crucial for a deeper insight into their chemical properties and behavior. Here, we explore the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) model with an example and an exercise for different molecules/molecular ions: ### Example: Methane (CH₄) | Molecule or Molecular Ion | Lewis Structure | Valence Shell Electron Pairs | Bonding Electron Pairs | Nonbonding Electron Pairs | VSEPR Formula | Approx. Bond Angle | Geometric Shape | |----------------------------|------------------|-----------------------------|------------------------|---------------------------|---------------|---------------------|-----------------| | **1. CH₄** | ![Lewis structure of CH4](ch4_lewis.png) | 4 | 4 | 0 | AX₄ | 109.5° | Tetrahedral | **Explanation:** - **Lewis Structure:** The central carbon atom forms four single bonds with hydrogen atoms, with no lone pairs on the carbon. - **Valence Shell Electron Pairs:** The carbon atom in CH₄ has four valence electron pairs. - **Bonding Electron Pairs:** All four pairs are involved in bonding (with hydrogen atoms). - **Nonbonding Electron Pairs:** There are no lone pairs of electrons on the central atom. - **VSEPR Formula:** AX₄ (where A represents the central atom, and X₄ represents four bonding pairs). - **Approx. Bond Angle:** The bond angles are approximately 109.5°. - **Geometric Shape:** The geometric shape is tetrahedral. ### Exercise: Complete the table (as outlined above) for the following molecules/molecular ions, all of which obey the Lewis octet rule. Complete those that are assigned by your laboratory instructor. 1. **SiF₄** 2. **H₂S** 3. **NH₂⁻** By analyzing these molecules, you will gain practice in applying the VSEPR model to predict molecular geometries based on the Lewis structures and valence shell electron pairs.
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