Valence Shell Bonding Nonbonding Approx. Molecule or Lewis Electron Electron Electron VSEPR Bond Geometric Molecular Ion Structure Pairs Pairs Pairs Formula Angle Shape 1. CH4 H 4 4 AX, 109.5° tetrahedral H:C:H H 1. Complete the table (as outlined above) for the following molecules/molecular ions, all of which obey the Lewis octet rule. Complete those that are assigned by your laboratory instructor. j. SiF, k. H,S 1. NH2
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
 | 4 | 4 | 0 | AX<sub>4</sub> | 109.5° | Tetrahedral |
**Figure Explanation:**
- The figure shows a Lewis structure diagram of Methane (CH<sub>4</sub>).
- Methane consists of one Carbon (C) atom at the center with four Hydrogen (H) atoms attached by single bonds.
- The Carbon atom has four valence electrons which form four bonding pairs (one with each Hydrogen atom).
- There are no nonbonding (lone) pairs of electrons in the central Carbon atom.
- Using VSEPR theory, the molecule is classified as AX<sub>4</sub> which indicates a tetrahedral geometric shape with approximately 109.5° bond angles.
**Instructional Task:**
**1. Completion Assignment**
*Complete the table (as outlined above) for the following molecules/molecular ions, all of which obey the Lewis octet rule. Complete those that are assigned by your laboratory instructor:*
j. SiF<sub>4</sub>
k. H<sub>2</sub>S
l. NH<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fff83a82c-1f8f-42f7-ab52-a9459a07e641%2F9d171132-daad-45fc-83e7-6ffece659991%2Frjfu0m1_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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