Please name the following alkane **Title: Naming Alkanes with IUPAC Rules****Introduction:**In organic chemistry, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature provides a systematic method for naming chemical compounds. This section will help you understand how to use IUPAC rules to name alkanes.**Image Description:**You are given an alkane structure and asked to name it using IUPAC rules. **Structural Diagram Analysis:**The molecular structure in the image is composed of a chain of carbon atoms bonded in a specific arrangement. The longest continuous chain needs to be identified to determine the base name, and the branches (substituents) and their positions need to be specified.**Step-by-Step Naming Process:**1. **Identify the Longest Carbon Chain:** Examine the alkane to find the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms. This will determine the base name of the alkane. In the given structure, the longest chain has 8 carbon atoms.2. **Number the Carbon Atoms:** Number the carbons in the longest chain from the end nearest to a substituent to minimize the position numbers of the branches. The numbering can also depend on the location of substituents leading to the smallest possible overall numbers.3. **Identify and Name the Substituents:** Identify the groups attached to the longest chain (substituents) and their respective positions. In this structure, there are two methyl groups (CH₃) attached.4. **Assign Numbers to Substituents:** Determine the positions of the substituents on the main chain. Number the chain from the end closest to the first substituent. The given structure has methyl groups positioned at carbon 3 and carbon 4.5. **Construct the Name:** Combine the substituent names and their positions with the base name of the longest chain. Use alphabetical order if multiple different substituents are present. For this structure, both substituents are methyl groups, so the name is “3,4-dimethyloctane”.**Conclusion:**Using the IUPAC naming rules, the name of the alkane in the given structure is **3,4-dimethyloctane**.By following this systematic approach, you can accurately name alkanes and other organic compounds according to IUPAC standards.

The basic structure of IUPAC nomenclature is "Prefix + parent carbon chain/ring + suffix.Parent…

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Use IUPAC rules to name the following alkane H₂C. CH3 CH3 is

Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305079250

Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters

Publisher:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters

Chapter21: Organic Chemistry

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6E

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Concept explainers

Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Alkanes are saturated organic compounds which are made up of C and H atoms. Alkanes have the general formula of CnH2n+2. Alkane contains sp3 hybridized carbon atoms with four sigmas (σ) bonds & every hydrogen atom is connected with one of the carbon atoms. The size of the alkane could be determined by the number of carbon atoms located in it.

Question

Please name the following alkane

**Title: Naming Alkanes with IUPAC Rules**

**Introduction:**
In organic chemistry, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature provides a systematic method for naming chemical compounds. This section will help you understand how to use IUPAC rules to name alkanes.

**Image Description:**
You are given an alkane structure and asked to name it using IUPAC rules.

**Structural Diagram Analysis:**
The molecular structure in the image is composed of a chain of carbon atoms bonded in a specific arrangement. The longest continuous chain needs to be identified to determine the base name, and the branches (substituents) and their positions need to be specified.

**Step-by-Step Naming Process:**

1. **Identify the Longest Carbon Chain:**
Examine the alkane to find the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms. This will determine the base name of the alkane. In the given structure, the longest chain has 8 carbon atoms.

2. **Number the Carbon Atoms:**
Number the carbons in the longest chain from the end nearest to a substituent to minimize the position numbers of the branches. The numbering can also depend on the location of substituents leading to the smallest possible overall numbers.

3. **Identify and Name the Substituents:**
Identify the groups attached to the longest chain (substituents) and their respective positions. In this structure, there are two methyl groups (CH₃) attached.

4. **Assign Numbers to Substituents:**
Determine the positions of the substituents on the main chain. Number the chain from the end closest to the first substituent. The given structure has methyl groups positioned at carbon 3 and carbon 4.

5. **Construct the Name:**
Combine the substituent names and their positions with the base name of the longest chain. Use alphabetical order if multiple different substituents are present. For this structure, both substituents are methyl groups, so the name is “3,4-dimethyloctane”.

**Conclusion:**
Using the IUPAC naming rules, the name of the alkane in the given structure is **3,4-dimethyloctane**.

By following this systematic approach, you can accurately name alkanes and other organic compounds according to IUPAC standards.

Definition Definition Simplest organic compounds that contain only single bonds between carbon – carbon atoms and carbon – hydrogen bonds. This means they are a series of saturated compounds with a general molecular formula, C n H 2n+2 .

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