Type I diabetes is caused by destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas, the cells that produce insulin. In most cases, the beta cells are destroyed by an immune response. Both genetic and environmental factors are involved in triggering the immune response. NOD mice develop a disease very much like Type I diabetes. (NOD mouse = non-obese, diabetic, mouse). If you transfer plasma from a NOD mouse to a normal mouse, the normal
Type I diabetes is caused by destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas, the cells that produce insulin. In most cases, the beta cells are destroyed by an immune response. Both genetic and environmental factors are involved in triggering the immune response.
NOD mice develop a disease very much like Type I diabetes. (NOD mouse = non-obese, diabetic, mouse). If you transfer plasma from a NOD mouse to a normal mouse, the normal is not affected. If you transfer lymphocytes (WBCs white blood cells) from a NOD mouse, the normal mouse develops diabetes. The first people to figure this out found they had to transfer two types of WBC to transfer diabetes. After some experiments, they found that under the right conditions, they only had to transfer one type of cell to cause diabetes in the recipient.
B-1. Consider the one type of WBC that can cause diabetes by itself. Which type is it likely to be? (B cells) (helper T cells) (cytotoxic T cells) (either type of T cell) (any of these) (none of these).
B-2. What is the second type of WBC that was needed in the earlier experiments? It is probably (B cells) (helper T cells) (cytotoxic T cells) (either type of T cell) (any of these) (none of these).
B-3. The first type of WBC should make (CD4)(CD8)(TCR) (MHC I) (MHC II) (antibody) (none of these).
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