Transferrin is a blood protein that is encoded by the transferrin locus (Trf). In house mice, the two alleles at this locus (Trf and TrP) are codominant and encode three types of transferrin: Genotype Phenotype Trf / Trf Trf / TrP Trp / Trp Trf-a Trf-ab Trf-b The dilution locus, found on the same chromosome, determines whether the color of a mouse is diluted or full; an allele for dilution (d) is recessive to an allele for full color (d"): Genotype Phenotype d* d* d* (full color) d* (full color) d* d dd d (dilution) Donald Shreffler conducted a series of crosses to determine the map distance between the transferrin locus and the dilution locus (D. C. Shreffler. 1963. Journal of Heredity 54:127-129). The following table presents a series of crosses carried out by Shreffler and the progeny resulting from these crosses. Progeny phenotypes dt D+ Cross ở Trf-ab Trf-b Trf-ab Trf-b Total d* Trf" d Trf d Trfb 32 3 21 62 d Trft d Trf" d Trfb dt Trf" 16 38 d Trfb d* Trf" 3 d Trfh 35 9. 4 30 78 d Trf d Trf d Trf d Trf d* Trf" 21 3 2 19 45 d Trf d' Trf d Trf" d Trf d Trf d* Trf" d Trf" 29 22 64 d Trft 6. d Trf 4 14 11 0 29 20

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Genetic Recombination

Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.

Microbial Genetics

Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.