Toxicity testing is becoming a trend nowadays. If you were to do a toxicity test in your research, what effects would you observe and what kinds of effects might occur in your toxicity test. Explain! 2. Describe what information you can get from this graph 3. Name 4 enzymes that play a role in catalyzing xenobiotics that have been inhaled or ingested by organisms. 4. The toxicant action phase starts from the Exposition Phase, continues with the Toxicokinetic Phase and ends in the Toxicdynamic Phase. Describe the things that happened in each phase. 5. What factors affect the toxicity of a substance/xenobiotic? Mention at least 5 factors and give an explanation of each factor. 6. Chemical substances (or toxic substances) can cause unwanted effects related to the dose given, explain the following three effects: side effects, adverse effects, and toxic effects. 7. Administration of a toxicant in the same dose to 2 mice (Mus musculus) resulted in different sub-lethal effects. 1 rat was still able to move but was weak, while the other 1 rat seemed to be paralyzed. Why can giving the same dose cause different reactions in different individuals? 8. If the absorption of toxicants by endocytosis through the cell membrane runs continuously (cells are exposed to large amounts of toxicants), while the process of exocytosis (elimination from the cell) is very slow. What will happen to the toxicant in the cell? Acute toxicity and chronic toxicity are two very different things. In your opinion, is the LC50-24 hours treatment of test animals for Culex sp instar 2 larvae a type of acute toxicity test, or chronic? Give good reasons.
1. Toxicity testing is becoming a trend nowadays. If you were to do a toxicity test in your research, what effects would you observe and what kinds of effects might occur in your toxicity test. Explain!
2. Describe what information you can get from this graph
3. Name 4 enzymes that play a role in catalyzing xenobiotics that have been inhaled or ingested by organisms.
4. The toxicant action phase starts from the Exposition Phase, continues with the Toxicokinetic Phase and ends in the Toxicdynamic Phase. Describe the things that happened in each phase.
5. What factors affect the toxicity of a substance/xenobiotic? Mention at least 5 factors and give an explanation of each factor.
6. Chemical substances (or toxic substances) can cause unwanted effects related to the dose given, explain the following three effects: side effects, adverse effects, and toxic effects.
7. Administration of a toxicant in the same dose to 2 mice (Mus musculus) resulted in different sub-lethal effects. 1 rat was still able to move but was weak, while the other 1 rat seemed to be paralyzed. Why can giving the same dose cause different reactions in different individuals?
8. If the absorption of toxicants by endocytosis through the cell membrane runs continuously (cells are exposed to large amounts of toxicants), while the process of exocytosis (elimination from the cell) is very slow. What will happen to the toxicant in the cell?
Acute toxicity and chronic toxicity are two very different things. In your opinion, is the LC50-24 hours treatment of test animals for Culex sp instar 2 larvae a type of acute toxicity test, or chronic? Give good reasons.
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