Top-down (Positivism) human interest is largelyirrelevant because it is not the main subject underinvestigation. Bottom-up (Interpretivist) humaninterest is the main driver of the science.Furthermore, with regard to positivism, the conceptsneed to be operationalized so that they can bemeasured, however with regard to interpretivist, thestakeholder interest has to be incorporated.To this effect:a) Highlight the strength and weakness of top-downapproach design;b) Discuss the usefulness of bottom-up approach todesign;c) Critically examine the usefulness of hybridapproach to product design;a) Differentiate top-down from bottom-up; andExamine bottom-up approach in the design of solarlamp for use inThe rural areas of Ghana.

There are various methods that can be used while developing a product or carrying out research. The…

Answered: Top-down (Positivism) human interest is…

Understanding Business

12th Edition

ISBN:9781259929434

Author:William Nickels

Publisher:William Nickels

Chapter1: Taking Risks And Making Profits Within The Dynamic Business Environment

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1CE

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Designing a product or a process involves a number of stages that move an innovation from concept to a fully specified stage. Concept generation is the 1st stage in the design process and the innovation ideas can come from various sources. You need to explain how your organisation would go about to use these resources for the concept generation stage.
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Innovation in physical education: Teachers’ perspectives on readiness for wearable technology integrationAbstractThe purpose of this article is to explore physical education teachers' perspectives on their readiness to use and integrate wearable technology as an innovation in physical education. The article presents a case study grounded on an analytic induction logic with a constructivist epistemology and involves semi-structured interviews with 38 public school physical education teachers. Based on a thematic analysis of interview data, the study identifies eight themes on attitudinal shifts, adequate capabilities, convenient use, injury prevention, effective exercises, non-sedentary behavior, and system access. These themes reflect the technological and organizational conditions that enable physical education teachers’ readiness to use and integrate wearable technology in physical education. The article concludes with discussions on theoretical and practical implications of the…
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