Which of the following statements is true about certainty of paternity? Question 12 options: Certainty of paternity is low when egg laying and mating occur together, as in external fertilisation. Certainty of paternity is high in most species with internal fertilisation because the acts of mating and birth are separated by time. Certainty of paternity is low when males guard females they have mated. Paternal behaviour exists because it has been reinforced over generations by natural selection

Q: Discuss how assortative mating can influence genotype frequencies. Are there any potential…

A: Introduction Assortative mating sometimes referred to as "non-random mating" is a type of sexual…

Q: Given the following observed genotype frequencies (AA 0.45, Aa 0.16 and aa 0.39) for a gene that…

A: According Hardy-Wienberg Equation: p2 + pq + q2 = 1 Here the dominant allele is A and recessive…

Q: The following is totally made up (not real). Hiccups show complete dominance. F is dominant and…

A: Complete dominance in the type of inheritance in which one allele is completely dominant over the…

Q: What is the relationship between reproductive value and strength of selection? when reproductive…

A: In the natural ecosystem, selection pressure acting on the organisms that is responsible for…

Q: Twin studies are often used in the research of human behavioral traits. Although helpful, there are…

A: - Dizygotic twins will generally share more than half of their genes-There is high maternal effects…

Q: If you wanted to test whether the allele frequencies remain constant in an experiment, which of the…

A: Hardy-Weinberg principle states that in a population, the allelic frequency of all the gene pool is…

Q: Calculate selection for the following scenario.  In a population of prairie dogs living on a…

A: The concept of selection plays a significant role in shaping the genetic composition of populations.…

Q: In Hereford cattle, the phenotypic expression of coat pattern called line-back (a white line down…

A: 1. Allele frequency for the line-back trait:We can solve this problem using the Hardy-Weinberg…

Q: What is the selective factor, or selective environment, in the case of sexual selection, that allows…

A: Natural selection types: The distribution of phenotypes within a population can be affected by…

Q: Given the following observed genotype frequencies (AA 0.45, Aa 0.16 and aa 0.39) for a gene that…

A: Given that, there is a gene that determines coat colour with incomplete dominance in a population of…

Q: Check All That Apply Glow fish can't reproduce. Only males can pass on the glow trait. Glow fish can…

A: Explanation: The initial mating experiment between glowing fish discovered that glow fish can indeed…

Q: some cases, males or females do care for young of their own species that are not their own, as when…

A: There may be reason that adoptions fostering helped these females reproduce later on as Regular…

Q: Björk and Pitnick (2006) investigated sexual selection in Drosophila melanogaster. Which of the…

A: Natural selection affects populations by influencing who lives and reproduces. Adaptations,…

Q: In a large, randomly mating population with no appreciable forces working to change gene…

A: When disrupting variables are absent, gene frequencies tend to remain stable from generation to…

Q: Hybrid incompatibility resulting from negative epistasis is know as __________ and is a…

A: Hybrid incompatibility is also known as Hybrid sterility .It is the phenomenon in which hybrids…

Q: u are examining a scorpion population within the Las Vegas area. Your field team is able to capture…

A: The Hardy-Weinberg is a principle stating that the genetic variation in a population will remain…

Q: Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium In 1975, in a population of 88 garter snakes on the coast of Oregon, 54…

A: From data; Population total = 88 Recessive genotype = 54 Explaining the Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium…

Q: Elephant seals are a sexually dimorphic species of marine mammal that lives off the coast of…

A: Heritability is a measure of the difference in human genes that cause differences in their traits.…

Q: Skin colour in dolphins is determined by a single gene showing incomplete dominance giving rise to 3…

A: Incomplete dominance is the phenomenon where none of the two alleles of a gene are dominant over…

Q: The Fischer model of the 1:1 sex ratio predicts that natural selection favors parents who produce…

A: Introduction  Evolution is the gradual change in the inherited traits of biological populations over…

Q: Describe thoroughly the selective advantages and disadvantages organisms that reproduce sexually…

A: Reproduction is one of the biological processes in which parents produce offsprings which are…

Q: There are two color morphs in boomer foxes (not a real species), red and gray.  Both tend to have a…

A: The ability of an organism to survive, reproduce, and pass on genetic traits to the next generation…

Q: In a population of 500 individuals in Near East, the frequencies of the dominant and recessive…

A:

Q: About 7% of men in a population are red-green colour blind due to a sex-linked recessive gene.…

A: X-linked inheritance indicates that the defective allele that leads to a specific trait is present…

Q: TRUE or FALSE? Sexual selection can only occur if the features and/or behaviors associated with it…

A: Natural selection is the interaction through which populaces of living beings adjust and change.…

Q: In a large, randomly mating population of frogs, the frequency of the allele for silver skin (s) is…

A:

Q: Which of the following types of non-random mating DOES result in evolutionary change on its own?…

A: The process of formation of new species is known as speciation. Speciation begins with a change in a…

Q: Which of the following is NOT an example of sexual selection in the wild? * Peacocks showing off…

A: Reproduction is the process by which an organism creates more of its own progeny. Reproduction is…

Q: For each of the following, identify whether it will primarily cause changes in allele frequency,…

A: Gene frequency, also known as allele frequency, is the proportion of the population's total number…

Q: In a population of snails, two alleles, T and t, affect the thickness of the shell, and the degree…

A: Imagine a chromosome, a long strand of DNA, with specific spots called loci. At each locus resides…

Q: During the mating season, a certain type of lizard will bob its head up and down while displaying a…

A: Let us suppose that fast head bobbing is denoted by F allele and slow recessive is by f allele.…

Q: A population of mealworm beetles (Tenebrio molitor) called the founder generation-consisting of 150…

A: Introduction :- Mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome. It is a natural…

Q: Which of the following fitness relationships among three genotypes at a single locus represents the…

A: Overdominance, also known as heterozygote advantage, is a phenomenon in genetics where the…

Q: Among a particular population of 100 plants, red flowers are dominant and yellow flowers are…

A: Introduction The population is some of all interacting individuals of a particular species in a…

Q: The more impressive the tail of a male peacock, the higher its chances of finding a mate. Female…

A: Sexual selection is a process of selecting mate depending on the phenotype of the mate. The…

Q: The following alleles exist in combs of chickens: Comb Shape Description Genotype Single Comb…

A: In the given question, we are given with allelic combination of alleles resulting in a particular…

Q: You decide to examine call duration in Canadian toads at Big Lake near Edmonton. Call duration in…

A: Hardy Weinberg equilibrium is found in a population with large population size, no migration, no…

Q: The images below depict a female and male primate of the same species. Based on these images, would…

A: Size and form variations between the sexes within a single species are referred to as sexual…

Q: During mating season, male rams compete with each other for access to females.  This describes Group…

A: Rams compete with one another for access to females during mating season.  Intrasexual selection can…

Q: locus codes for drought tolerance in desert tortoises. On average during a drought, genotype AA…

A:

Q: Normally, male red ducks only try to mate with females of their own species. A researcher swapped…

A: In the world of avian behavior and mating preferences, researchers often explore the intricate…

Q: Given the results of our calculations of inclusive fitness for male pied kingfishers (Ceryle rudis)…

A: The pied kingfisher (Ceryle rudis) is an African and Asian water kingfisher. It has five traditional…

Q: There is a species of fish in which homozygous recessive (rr) individuals are Yellow and homozygous…

A: Incomplete dominance is a type of genetic interaction where both forms or alleles of a gene at the…

Q: Mark each statement as True/ False while describing frequency dependent, frequency independent and…

A: Frequency dependent selection refers to the phenomenon where the fitness of a phenotype is…

Q: a) Fill out the blank columns b) What is the Chi Square formula? (for partial credit in case you…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve the first three sub-parts…

Q: 1. iven what we understand about social structure, which type of social structure is generally…

A: 1.One male(Polygyny) social structure is the type of social system in which a single male interacts…

Q: 1. In this environment, which allele frequency (brown or green) do you hypothesize will increase…

A: The genes are small base sequences of DNA responsible for carrying particular hereditary…

Q: Salamanders have a male heterogametic system for sex determinations where females are ZZ and males…

A: Introduction :- Salamanders are a lizard-like group of amphibians with thin bodies, blunt snouts,…

Animal Behavior

Animal behavior can be defined as all the things that animals do. In response to a stimulus, an animal performs a certain fixed action pattern, or FAP, of behavior. This response occurs to make the animal more adaptable to change. So, behavior is generally a stimulus-oriented response. A behavior is an expression of the capabilities of the nervous system. A stimulus is determined by the environment, while the nervous system determines a response.