Björk and Pitnick (2006) investigated sexual selection in Drosophila melanogaster. Which of the following is an accurate conclusion that can be made from their results below? [Note that the open circles and dotted line represent data collected from females and the closed circles and solid line represents data collected from males.] 200 150 100 50 1 3 4. Number of mates (mating success) O a. Sexual selection is stronger on females than males. O b. Males have a weaker Bateman gradient than females. O C. Females likely invest more in the reproductive process. O d. Males likely exhibit parental rather than females. Number of offspring (reproductive success)

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A: We are answering First question only. For rest of questions pls repost.

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Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.