The TPD method measures temperature elevations in a tissue region during a heating pulse and its later temperature decay after the pulse. It is then using the Pennes bioheat equation to perform a curve fitting to determine the local blood perfusion rate. If the TPD probe is placed in the vicinity of very large blood vessel, will the TPD technique provide an accurate measurement of the local blood perfusion in the vicinity of this large blood vessel? Explain briefly. (Hint: Is the Pennes bioheat equation accurate surrounding a large blood vessel?)

The TPD method measures temperature elevations in a tissue region during a heating pulse and its later temperature decay after the pulse. It is then using the Pennes bioheat equation to perform a curve fitting to determine the local blood perfusion rate. If the TPD probe is placed in the vicinity of very large blood vessel, will the TPD technique provide an accurate measurement of the local blood perfusion in the vicinity of this large blood vessel? Explain briefly. (Hint: Is the Pennes bioheat equation accurate surrounding a large blood vessel?)

Elements Of Electromagnetics

7th Edition

ISBN:9780190698614

Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

ChapterMA: Math Assessment

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1MA

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

2. Given the figure below: Critical point 218 atm Water - Vapour pressure curve Ice 1.0 atm Water vapour Triple point 4.58 mm A'- Metastable curve В. Р. 100 F.F 0 0.0098 374 Sublimation curve Temperature °C Calculate the degrees of freedom at (a) Curve OB (b) Curve OC (c) Area BOC (d) Area AOC (e) Point O Fusion curve Pressure (atm)
The processing of raw coal involves “washing,” in which coal ash (nonorganic, incombustible material) is removed. The article “Quantifying Sampling Precision for Coal Ash Using Gy’s Discrete Model of the Fundamental Error” (Journal of Coal Quality, 1989:33–39) provides data relating the percentage of ash to the volume of a coal particle. The average percentage of ash for six volumes of coal particles was measured. The data are as follows: Volume (cm3) 0.01 0.06 0.58 2.24 15.55 276.02 Percent ash 3.32 4.05 5.69 7.06 8.17 9.36 Using the most appropriate model, predict the percent ash for particles with a volume of 48 cm3. Round answer to three decimal places. * the answer i got was of 6.260 was wrong
A composite wall consists of wood and steel. The bond between the wood and steel is not perfect, resulting in small air gaps at the interface. At steady-state, temperature 1 (T1) is greater than temperature 2 (T2). Which of the following represents the temperature distribution? I wood steel T2 T2 а. d. b. е. T2 с.
An unmanned submarine is equipped with temperature and depth measuring instruments and has radio equipment that can transmit the output readings of these instruments back to the surface. The submarine is initially floating on the surface of the sea with the instrument output readings in steady state. The depth measuring instrument is approximately zero order and the temperature transducer first order with a time constant of 50 seconds. The water temperature on the sea surface, , is 20 °C and the temperature at a depth of x meters is given by the relation: If the submarine starts diving at time zero, and thereafter goes down at a velocity of 0.5 meters / second, draw a table showing the temperature and depth measurements reported at intervals of 100 seconds over the first 500 seconds of travel. Show also in the table the error in each temperature reading.What temperature does the submarine report at a depth of 1000 meters?
Liquid nitrogen has a density of 0.808 g/mL and boils at 77 K. Researchers often purchase liquid nitrogen in insulated 175-L tanks. The liquid vaporizes quickly to gaseous nitrogen (which has a density of 1.15 g/L at room temperature and atmospheric pressure) when the liquid is removed from the tank. Suppose that all 175 L of liquid nitrogen in a tank accidentally vaporized in a lab that measured 10.00m x 10.00m x 2.50m. What maximum fraction of the air in the room could be displaced by the gaseous nitrogen?
The front door of an oven is made up of walls made up of materials A, B and C, juxtaposed. The walls that make up the door have thermal conductivities, kA= 20 W/(m.K), kB= 0.027 W/(m.K) and kC= 50 W/(m.K) and known thicknesses LA=0.30 m and LC=0.15 m. At steady state operation, measurements indicate that the air temperatures inside the oven and its inner walls are equal to 600 oC (the temperature of the inner surface of the door is not known). The convective coefficient of air (inside and outside the oven) is 25 W/(m2.K) and the radiation coefficient is hr=25 W/m2K. outside the air is at 25oC. Based on this information:(a) schematic the thermal circuit for the system;(b) estimate the minimum thickness of wall B to ensure that thetemperature of the outer surface of the door (exposed to ambient air)is ≤40oC in order to ensure the safety of operators;(c) estimate the temperature of the surface of the oven's inner wall Answer: (b) 40 mm; (c) 592.5oC
Geochemical Box Models - please use same terminology found in question Consider an element X exchanging between two geochemical reservoirs A and B. Let MA and MB be the masses of X in reservoirs A and B, respectively; let tA and tB be the residence times of X in reservoirs A and B, respectively. Further let M = MA + MB be the total mass of X in the two reservoirs combined. Consider a situation where additional mass M' is injected into reservoir A at time t=0 increasing the total amount of element X in the system from M0 to M1, with no further injection at later times; further assume that tA >> tB, that the total mass in the altered system is M1 = M0 + M', and that M0 << M'. Give an expression for MB(t) as a function of M1, tA, tB, and t. What is the characteristic time for MB to approach steady state? What is the characteristic time for MA to approach steady state?
A food product containing a water content of 85% is frozen. Estimate the heat type products at -10 °C when 82% of the water is in its frozen state. Hot product type dry is 2.5 kJ/(kg °C) is assumed to heat this type of water at -10 °C is equal to heat water type at 0 °C, and the heat of the types of ice follow function Cp ice = 0 0062 x T frozen + 2 0649. a. Cp frozen products kJ/kg °C.
explains how the two methods of parameter estimation, namely the method of parameter estimation and the method of moments and percentile matching, are used to fit distributions to data for actuarial calculations.
1. A motor coil can be modeled as a hollow copper cylinder with an outer diameter of 0 50 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm, and a length of 60 mm. The motor stalls at time t = 0 and, at this point, the copper experiences a step input in electrical heating of Po u(t), where Po is 350 W. Assume that there is little time for significant heat loss to the environment so that the copper cylinder can be considered to be insulated. If the initial temperature is 30 °C, find the temperature as a function of time, T(t), analytically using Laplace transforms. Calculate the time required to reach the breakdown temperature of the wire insulation, which is approximately 250 °C. Write a script file in MATLAB® to: (a) determine the time for the copper to reach 250 °C using the command find; and (b) plot T(t) over this time interval. Copper has a density of 8960 kg/m³ and a specific heat of 390 J/kg-°C. 25 mm 20 mm P(t) = Pou(t)
The rapid progress of engineering design and information technology has caused difficulties in analyzing system reliability. Because of the increased complexity in system reliability structure (component/subsystem interfaces), many unexpected failure modes could occur, and their behaviors are interdependent. At a system’s design and development stage, the main challenge in analyzing a complex system is the failure uncertainty introduced by the incomplete knowledge of the system. This makes it hard to decompose system reliability into subsystem/component reliability in a deterministic manner, such as series or parallel systems. As a result, some common reliability analysis tools such as fault tree (FT) and reliability block diagram (RBD) become inadequate. Do you agree, why or why not? Are there any other approaches to system reliability assessment beside these tools at the early system’s design and development stage (what are these approaches)?