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The study of Epigenetics includes which of the following? (Choose all that apply)
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- Epigenesis relating to genetics refers to which of the following A. Genetic information is limited to what we inherit only from our biological parents. B. Genes are not influenced by environmental factors. C. Genes we inherit are fully expressed at birth. D. Genes are turned on or off as needed, by the developing body or environmental triggers, across the life-spanThe following is true about epigenetic gene control: O epigenetic changes to the chromatin may result from childhood development epigenetic changes to the chromatin may result from chemicals in the environment O epigenetic changes to the chromatin may result in cancer O An example of a chromatin change is DNA methylation that prevents gene expression from that area of the DNAIn your own words, explain epigenetics. What is it? What are the main epigenetic marks? What do they do in terms of gene transcription? What are the enzymes involved?
- Define the following terms: a. epigenetics b. CpG island c. epimutation d. DNA methylation e. histone acetylationAlthough each cell in your body contains the same set of genes, the genes that are “turned on” differ depending on the type of cell. What signals different genes to be “turned on” or transcribed in different cells? What types of behaviours or environmental circumstances can lead to changes in an individual’s epigenome? Explain. 3. Explain how changes in your epigenome can alter the DNA of your future children before they are even born. 4.) Explain TWO implications of these findings for society. (Hint: think big! Implications for how disease is transmitted, intergenerational trauma, the cycle of poverty, etc.)What are the cellular activities that help describe "expression of genetic information"? (Choose all that applies) Replication Transcription C) Translation Regulation
- Which of the following is true about epigenetic modifications? -Epigenetic modifications always repress transcription -Epigenetic modifications are irreversible -Epigenetic modifications only occur on the tails of histone proteins -Epigenetic modifications influence the relationship between DNA and histone proteinsDefine Epigenetic changes. Are epigenetic changes the same thing as mutations? Explain why or why not.Possible genetic modifications that can cause epigenetic changes in gene expression include: A- all answers are correct B- histone acetylation C- chromatin remodeling D- histone variant localization  e- DNA methylation
- Match the following changes with the correct responses. (Some answers may be used more than once. Some answers may not be used.) Deacetylation of histones Methylation of cytosines a single nucleotide polymorphism, where adenine may be present instead of cytosine phosphorylation of cytosines is an epigenetic change that is an epigenetic change that [Choose ] is an epigenetic change that results in decreased gene transcription is not an epigenetic change ✓ is an epigenetic change that results in increased gene transcription is an epigenetic change that could either increase or decrease gene transcriptionBase on your knowledge of DNA, chromosomes and epigenetics and upon examining the picture below, name two epigenetic factors and at least one non-epigenetic factor present on this picture. [HINT: which of the factors shown on the picture do you expect to change based on the interactions with an environment and which you expect unchanged?] Methyl Group DNA Chromatin Epigenetic Factor Histone Histone Tails ChromosomeEpigenetics works by Select one: a. activating DNA ligases so they can clip attached methyl groups off. O b. activating DNA polymerases so thymine is more readily attached to the lead gene. c. blocking the cell's ability to read certain genes. O d. blocking the cell's ability to undergo cytokinesis.