The stars in a binary system are a 4 MO main sequence star and a 1 MO red giant. Explain why this binary system makes sense if the two stars are close together but is inconsistent with what we know about stellar evolution if the stars are a wide pair.
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- Match each characteristic below of a one-solar-mass star to its appropriate phase. Answer M for Main-sequence Star, or P for Protostar. If the first is M and the rest P, enterMPPPPPP). A) energy generated by nuclear fusion B) pressure and gravity are NOT precisely balanced. C) surface radiates energy at same rate that core generates energy D) radius much larger than the Sun E) energy generated by gravitational contraction F) lasts about 10 billion years G) luminosity much greater than the SunIn the star clusters shown, which one is younger and why?How often can a star go supernova? Group of answer choices Many times, depending on the size of its companion star. Twice, the first time when it runs out hydrogen, and the second time when it runs out of iron. Once, early in its evolution. Once, late in its evolution. At various times, depending on the composition of the star.
- Identify the location in the H-R diagram of the phases of stellar evolution. (For each statement select the proper symbol in the picture.) 1) red giant, helium flash2) white dwarf3) red giant with helium burning shell4) hydrogen fusion in shell around core5) helium fusion in core6) envelope ejected, planetary nebula7) main-sequence star8) helium used up, core collapses9) hydrogen used up, core collapsesWhich of the following most correctly explains why we have not yet observed any white dwarfs derived from M stars: Group of answer choices Most M stars end up as neutron stars or black holes. The lifetime of M stars is longer than the age of the universe. Most M stars are located near the edge of the universe, beyond the visible horizon. Most M stars are members of a binary system, and the white dwarf would be obscured by the glare of the more massive companion. White dwarfs are too dim to be observed with currently available techniques.Which of the following statements about various stages of core nuclear burning (hydrogen, helium, carbon, etc.) in a high- mass star is not true? A. As each stage ends, the core shrinks and heats further. B. Each successive stage creates an element with a higher atomic number and atomic mass number. C. As each stage ends, the reactions that occurred in previous stages continue in shells around the core. D.Each successive stage lasts for approximately the same amount of time.
- The figure above shows a track on the H-R diagram corresponding to the evolution of a star like the one you’ve just considered. Six stages are numbered. Six stages of stellar evolution are listed below – for each stage, write the number corresponding to its position on the diagram (four of these stages are the same stages you considered in the first part of this tutorial). Horizontal branch: Asymptotic giant branch: White dwarf: Main sequence: Planetary nebula: Red giant branch: What is the approximate mass of this star, in solar masses? Explain how you can tell.(Answer don't copy with hand written please)As a star runs out of hydrogen to fuel nuclear fusion in its core, changes within the star usually cause it to leave the main sequence, expanding and cooling as it does so. Would a star with a radius 12 times that of the Sun, but a surface temperature 0.5 times that of the Sun, be more, or less luminous than the Sun? Show and explain your reasoning. You may assume the surface area of a sphere is A = 4πr2.