The spotlight effect refers to overestimating the extent to which others notice your appearance or behavior, especially when you commit a social faux pas. Effectively, you feel as if you are suddenly standing in a spotlight with everyone looking. In one demonstration of this phenomenon, Gilovich, Medvec, and Savitsky (2000) asked college students to put on a Barry Manilow T-shirt that fellow students had previously judged to be embarrassing. The participants were then led into a room in which other students were already participating in an experiment. After a few minutes, the participant was led back out of the room and was allowed to remove the shirt. Later, each participant was asked to estimate how many people in the room had noticed the shirt. The individuals who were in the room were also asked whether they noticed the shirt. In the study, the participants significantly overestimated the actual number of people who had noticed. a. In a similar study using a sample of n 9 participants, the individuals who wore the shirt produced an average estimate of M 6.4 with SS 162. The average number who said they noticed was 3.1. Is the estimate from the participants significantly different from the actual number? Test the null hypothesis that the true mean is μ 3.1 using a two-tailed test with .05. b. Is the estimate from the participants significantly higher than the actual number (μ 3.1)? Use a one-tailed test with .05
11. The spotlight effect refers to overestimating the extent
to which others notice your appearance or behavior,
especially when you commit a social faux pas. Effectively, you feel as if you are suddenly standing in a
spotlight with everyone looking. In one demonstration
of this phenomenon, Gilovich, Medvec, and Savitsky
(2000) asked college students to put on a Barry
Manilow T-shirt that fellow students had previously
judged to be embarrassing. The participants were then led into a room in which other students were
already participating in an experiment. After a few
minutes, the participant was led back out of the room
and was allowed to remove the shirt. Later, each
participant was asked to estimate how many people in
the room had noticed the shirt. The individuals who
were in the room were also asked whether they
noticed the shirt. In the study, the participants
significantly overestimated the actual number of
people who had noticed.
a. In a similar study using a sample of n 9
participants, the individuals who wore the shirt
produced an average estimate of M 6.4 with
SS 162. The average number who said they
noticed was 3.1. Is the estimate from the
participants significantly different from the actual
number? Test the null hypothesis that the true mean
is μ 3.1 using a two-tailed test with .05.
b. Is the estimate from the participants significantly
higher than the actual number (μ 3.1)? Use a
one-tailed test with .05.
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