The shaft and the flange of a marine engine are to be designed for flange coupling, in which the flange is forged on the end of the shaft. The following particulars are to be considered in the design: Power of the engine=2.4 MW Speed of the engine 80 r.p.m Permissible shear stress in bolts and shaft = 60 MPa Number of bolts used =6 Pitch circle diameter of bolts=1.6* Dimeter of shaft Find 1.diameter of shaft; 2.diameter of bolts; 3.thickness of flange; and 4.diameter of flange. (25 degrea

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Q: Torque =230 N-m

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Combined Loading

Any functioning component, such as machine parts, structural members, pressure vessels, and so on, are all under the influence of more than one force. When anybody is under the influence of more than one force such as shear forces, bending moments, axial forces, torsion, and so on, then such body is said to be under combined loading. A very practical example of combined loading is the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine (IC engine). The crankshaft of the IC engine is under high rpm, which is caused due to the torsional forces. Due to the presence of piston, counterbalances, and internal imbalances, the crankshaft experiences lateral forces and due to the rise in temperature, the crankshaft undergoes thermal expansion, which pulls the crankshaft along the axial direction and lateral direction. The presence of unbalanced loads along the periphery of the crankshaft also induces a bending moment.