The Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) is a standardized test for college admissions in the U.S. Scores on the SAT can range from 600 to 2400. Suppose that PrepIt! is a company that offers classes to help students prepare for the SAT exam. In their ad, PrepIt! claims to produce “statistically significant” increases in SAT scores. This claim comes from a study in which 427 PrepIt! students took the SAT before and after PrepIt! classes. These students are compared to 2,733 students who took the SAT twice, without any type of formal preparation between tries. We conduct a hypothesis test and find that PrepIt! students significantly improve their SAT scores (p-value < 0.0001). Now we want to determine how much improvement we can expect in SAT scores for students who take the PrepIt! class. Which of the following is the best approach to answering this question? Use the sample mean 29 to calculate a confidence interval for a population mean. Use the difference in sample means (500 − 529) in a hypothesis test for a difference in two population means (or treatment effect). Use the difference in sample means (500 − 529) to calculate a confidence interval for a difference in two population means (or treatment effect). Use the difference in sample means (29 and 21) in a hypothesis test for a difference in two population means (or treatment effect).

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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The Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) is a standardized test for college admissions in the U.S. Scores on the SAT can range from 600 to 2400. Suppose that PrepIt! is a company that offers classes to help students prepare for the SAT exam. In their ad, PrepIt! claims to produce “statistically significant” increases in SAT scores. This claim comes from a study in which 427 PrepIt! students took the SAT before and after PrepIt! classes. These students are compared to 2,733 students who took the SAT twice, without any type of formal preparation between tries.

We conduct a hypothesis test and find that PrepIt! students significantly improve their SAT scores (p-value < 0.0001). Now we want to determine how much improvement we can expect in SAT scores for students who take the PrepIt! class.

Which of the following is the best approach to answering this question?

Use the sample mean 29 to calculate a confidence interval for a population mean.
Use the difference in sample means (500 − 529) in a hypothesis test for a difference in two population means (or treatment effect).
Use the difference in sample means (500 − 529) to calculate a confidence interval for a difference in two population means (or treatment effect).
Use the difference in sample means (29 and 21) in a hypothesis test for a difference in two population means (or treatment effect).

SAT 2nd Try
SAT 1ª Try
Standard
Improvement
Mean
Mean
Mean
Standard
Standard
deviation
deviation
deviation
Preplt!
(n = 427)
Control
500
92
529
97
29
59
%3D
506
101
527
101
21
52
(n = 2733)
%3D

Definition Definition Measure of central tendency that is the average of a given data set. The mean value is evaluated as the quotient of the sum of all observations by the sample size. The mean, in contrast to a median, is affected by extreme values. Very large or very small values can distract the mean from the center of the data. Arithmetic mean: The most common type of mean is the arithmetic mean. It is evaluated using the formula: μ = 1 N ∑ i = 1 N x i Other types of means are the geometric mean, logarithmic mean, and harmonic mean. Geometric mean: The nth root of the product of n observations from a data set is defined as the geometric mean of the set: G = x 1 x 2 ... x n n Logarithmic mean: The difference of the natural logarithms of the two numbers, divided by the difference between the numbers is the logarithmic mean of the two numbers. The logarithmic mean is used particularly in heat transfer and mass transfer. ln x 2 − ln x 1 x 2 − x 1 Harmonic mean: The inverse of the arithmetic mean of the inverses of all the numbers in a data set is the harmonic mean of the data. 1 1 x 1 + 1 x 2 + ...

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