QUESTION 19The pedigree below tracks the presence of dimples through a famlly's generation. Having dimples Is an autosomal dominanttralt. If Individuals Il-1 and Il-2 have a fourth chlld, what is the probablity that the chlld will have dimples? Pedigree of famly withdimples2 34 5 625%a.50%b.75%C.100%Od.

Name: QUESTION 19The pedigree below tracks the presence of dimples through
Uploaded: 2024-03-20T06:43:04.000Z
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Description: QUESTION 19The pedigree below tracks the presence of dimples through a famlly's generation. Having dimples Is an autosomal dominanttralt. If Individuals Il-1 and Il-2 have a fourth chlld, what is the probablity that the chlld will have dimples? Pedi

Sir Gregor Mendel was a priest and a teacher who did the famous hybridization experiment on garden pea plants. Mendel presented his work in a paper entitled “Experiments in plant hybridization” at the meeting of the natural history society of Brunn. The external appearance of an individual for any trait is called the phenotype. The genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual with respect to a single or set of characters. Mendel gave various postulates regarding the inheritance of characters and these postulates later became the law of Mendel. The three laws given by Mendel are the law of dominance, the law of segregation, and the law of independent assortment. Human inheritance is studied by the technique known as pedigree analysis. Pedigree analysis is used to study the five types of inheritance patterns in humans. The patterns are autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked dominant, X-linked recessive, and Y-linked traits. The pedigree tracks the presence of the dimples in the family generation. It is an autosomal dominant trait. The characteristics of the autosomal dominant disease are as follows: It appears in both the sexes with equal frequency. When one parent is affected in heterozygous condition and the other parent is unaffected approximately half of the offspring will be affected. Unaffected parents do not transmit the trait. The trait does not skip a generation. Both the sexes transmit the trait to their offspring. The affected offspring must have an affected parent unless they possess a new mutation. The individuals II-1 and II-2 have three children out of which two have dimples and one do not have dimples. Let D the allele which is dominant and results in dimple trait and d be the allele responsible for normal trait without dimples. The individual II-1 does not express the dimple trait, so the genotype will be dd. The individual II-2 has the dimple trait and hence its genotype can be DD or Dd. Since one of the parents of individual II-2 is normal and the other is affected the genotype of II-2 will be Dd as one of the parents will produce only d gametes. The cross between individual II-1 with genotype dd and individual II-2 with genotype Dd can be represented as follows. The individual II-1 produces one type of gamete d ad the individual II-2 produces two types of gametes D and d. D d d Dd (dimple) dd (no dimple) d Dd (dimple) dd (no dimple) So the four offsprings have genotype dd and Dd in the ratio 1:1. The phenotypes are dimple trait and no dimple trait in the ratio 1:1. Since out of four offspring two show dimple trait the probability is 50%. The probability of the child of II-1 and II-2 parents having dimples is 50%. 25%- The probability of the child having dimples is not 25%. 50%- The probability of the child having dimples is 50%. 75%- The probability of the child having dimples is not 75%. 100%- The probability of the child having dimples is not 100%.