The paper "Turning to Learn: Screen Orientation and Reasoning from Small Devices"+ describes a study that investigated whether cell phones with small screens are useful for gathering information. The researchers wondere if the ability to reason using information read on a small screen was affected by the screen orientation. The researchers assigned 33 undergraduate students who were enrolled in a psychology course at a large public university to one of two groups at random. One group read material that was displayed on a small screen in portrait orientation, and the other group read material on the same size screen but turned to display the information in landscape orientation (see figure below). Portrait Landscape O The researchers found that performance on a reasoning test that was based on the displayed material was better for the group that read material in the landscape orientation. (a) Is the described study an observational study or an experiment? O an observational study O an experiment (b) Did the study use random selection from some population? O Yes, the subjects were randomly selected from students at the large public university. O Yes, the students were randomly selected from one of the two groups at random. O No, the students were not randomly selected or assigned in any way. O No, the subjects were randomly assigned to the treatments, but were all from the same course. (c) Did the study use random assignment to experimental groups? O Yes O No

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The paper "Turning to Learn: Screen Orientation and Reasoning from Small Devices"t describes a study that investigated whether cell phones with small screens are useful for gathering information. The researchers wondered
if the ability to reason using information read on a small screen was affected by the screen orientation. The researchers assigned 33 undergraduate students who were enrolled in a psychology course at a large public
university to one of two groups at random.
One group read material that was displayed on a small screen in portrait orientation, and the other group read material on the same size screen but turned to display the information in landscape orientation (see figure
below).
Portrait
Landscape
ii
The researchers found that performance on a reasoning test that was based on the displayed material was better for the group that read material in the landscape orientation.
(a) Is the described study an observational study or an experiment?
O an observational study
O an experiment
(b) Did the study use random selection from some population?
O Yes, the subjects were randomly selected from students at the large public university.
O Yes, the students were randomly selected from one of the two groups at random.
O No, the students were not randomly selected or assigned in any way.
O No, the subjects were randomly assigned to the treatments, but were all from the same course.
(c) Did the study use random assignment to experimental groups?
O Yes
No
Transcribed Image Text:The paper "Turning to Learn: Screen Orientation and Reasoning from Small Devices"t describes a study that investigated whether cell phones with small screens are useful for gathering information. The researchers wondered if the ability to reason using information read on a small screen was affected by the screen orientation. The researchers assigned 33 undergraduate students who were enrolled in a psychology course at a large public university to one of two groups at random. One group read material that was displayed on a small screen in portrait orientation, and the other group read material on the same size screen but turned to display the information in landscape orientation (see figure below). Portrait Landscape ii The researchers found that performance on a reasoning test that was based on the displayed material was better for the group that read material in the landscape orientation. (a) Is the described study an observational study or an experiment? O an observational study O an experiment (b) Did the study use random selection from some population? O Yes, the subjects were randomly selected from students at the large public university. O Yes, the students were randomly selected from one of the two groups at random. O No, the students were not randomly selected or assigned in any way. O No, the subjects were randomly assigned to the treatments, but were all from the same course. (c) Did the study use random assignment to experimental groups? O Yes No
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