Answered: The Na+-glucose transporters SGLT2 and…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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The Na⁺-glucose transporters SGLT2 and SGLT1 are located at different levels of the kidney proximal tubule to minimize spillover of the glucose into the urine (See diagram attached)

a) Consider the Na⁺-glucose coupling ratios for SGLT2 and SGLT1. Why would localization of SGLT2 in the early proximal tubule and SGLT1 in the late proximal tubule be advantageous?

b) The Michaelis constant (K_m) for the SGLT2 and SGLT1 transporters are 2 mM and 0.5 mM, respectively. Is SGLT2 or SGLT1 the higher affinity Na⁺-glucose transporter?

d) Dapagliflozin is an SGLT1 inhibitor and commonly prescribed to treat type 2 diabetes. Why would this be of benefit to a diabetes patient?

a
b
blood systemic
circulation
luminal
-97% or 160-180 g
of glucose
proximal tubule
[glucose]
filtration
early
SGLT2
glucose.
glucose
GLUT2
glucose
SGLT2
SGLT1
Na
→ 3Na
1Na
KCNE1.. K
2K
energy source
distal segments
(uptake by GLUT1)
K*
-3% or 5 g
(40-50%)
glucose.
GLUT2
glucose
SGLT1
GLUTI
Na
→ 3Na
2Na*
KCNE1/0
K*
K*
2K
urine
0-0.2% (50-60%)
CI
late

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