The image depicts the anatomical structure of the forelimb of a dolphin and a bat, both mammals. Which hypotheses are consistent with the evolutionary relationship shown by this image? Select ALL that apply.
The image depicts the anatomical structure of the forelimb of a dolphin and a bat, both mammals. Which hypotheses are consistent with the evolutionary relationship shown by this image? Select ALL that apply.
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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20) The image depicts the anatomical structure of the forelimb of a dolphin and a bat, both mammals. Which hypotheses are consistent with the evolutionary relationship shown by this image? Select ALL that apply.
Transcribed Image Text:The image illustrates the forelimb structures of a bat and a dolphin, showcasing their adaptations for flying and swimming, respectively.
**Bat (flying):**
1. The bat's wing is adapted for flight. The key components include:
- 1: Humerus - the upper arm bone.
- 2: Radius - one of the two forearm bones, slender and elongated.
- 3: Ulna - the smaller forearm bone in bats.
- 4: Metacarpals - the bones of the hand forming part of the wing's structure.
- 5: Phalanges - finger bones that are elongated to support the flight membrane.
**Dolphin (swimming):**
1. The diagram of the dolphin depicts its flipper, adapted for swimming. The anatomy includes:
- 1: Humerus - the single upper arm bone.
- 2: Radius - one of the two forearm bones, shorter and robust for aquatic movement.
- 3: Ulna - the second forearm bone, also shorter, aiding in propulsion.
- 4: Carpals - the wrist bones, forming the base of the flipper.
- 5: Phalanges - finger bones that are shorter and thicker to improve swimming efficiency.
These diagrams highlight the evolutionary adaptations in limb structures that enable bats to fly and dolphins to swim, while maintaining a basic homologous skeletal framework.
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