The Helmholtz energy is also called the "work function" because it is equivalent to irreversible work at constant pressure.
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The Helmholtz Energy is called as Work function as it is equivalent to irreversible work at constant pressure.
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- One-dimensional harmonic oscillators in equilibrium with a heat bath (a) Calculate the specific heat of the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator as a function of temperature (b) Plot the T -dependence of the mean energy per particle E/N and the specific heat c. Show that E/N → kT at high temperatures for which kT > hw In this limit the energy kT is large in comparison to hw , the separation between energy levels. Hint: expand the exponential function 1 ē = ħw + eBhwA free neutron has a mean lifetime of 15 minutes when at rest. How fast must it moves to have a mean lifetime of 60 minutes?A particle experiences a potential energy given by U(x) = (x² - 3)e-x² (in SI units). (a) Make a sketch of U(x), including numerical values at the minima and maxima. (b) What is the maximum energy the particle could have and yet be bound? (c) What is the maximum energy the particle could have and yet be bound for a considerable length of time? (d) Is it possible for a particle to have an energy greater than that in part (c) and still be "bound" for some period of time? Explain. Responses
- In the Franck-Hertz experiment, explain why the small potential difference between the grid and collector plate is useful. Redraw the data of Figure the way the data would appear without this small retarding potential.c) How does the classical kinetic energy of the free electron compare in magnitude with the result you obtained in the previous part?Hello, Can I please have help regarding this problem ? Thanks. Suppose that the clock on our lecture room has a minute-hand length of 10 cm.(Use a coordinate system with the origin at center of clock and +x axis along the3PM direction and the +y direction along the 12PM direction). From the 12 to 8mark, for the tip of the minute hand:a) Sketch a vector diagram labeling ri, rf, Δr, Vi, Vf, and ΔV.b) Calculate the displacement vector in unit-vector notation.c) Calculate the average velocity vector in unit-vector notation.d) Calculate the average acceleration vector in unit-vector notation.e) Calculate magnitude and direction of the average acceleration vector.f) Calculate the magnitude and direction of the total acceleration of the tip ofthe minute hand at the 6 mark.