The Glycolytic pathway describes the oxidation of glucose to pyruvate with the generation of ATP and NADH Which of the following 8 statements are correct about the process of Glycolysis? a.Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is isomerized to the aldehyde glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate b. phosphoenolpyruvate is formed from the loss of a hydrogen atom on carbon 2 and a hydroxyl group from carbon 3
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain, also known as the electron transport system, is a group of proteins that transfer electrons through a membrane within mitochondria to create a gradient of protons that drives adenosine triphosphate (ATP)synthesis. The cell uses ATP as an energy source for metabolic processes and cellular functions. ETC involves series of reactions that convert redox energy from NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) + hydrogen (H)) and FADH2(flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)) oxidation into proton-motive force(PMF), which is then used to synthesize ATP through conformational changes in the ATP synthase complex, a process known as oxidative phosphorylation.
Metabolism
Picture a campfire. It keeps the body warm on a cold night and provides light. To ensure that the fire keeps burning, fuel needs to be added(pieces of wood in this case). When a small piece is added, the fire burns bright for a bit and then dies down unless more wood is added. But, if too many pieces are placed at a time, the fire escalates and burns for a longer time, without actually burning away all the pieces that have been added. Many of them, especially the larger chunks or damp pieces, remain unburnt.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the cellular process involved in the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules from the organic nutritional source obtained from the diet. It is a universal process observed in all types of life forms. The glucose (chemical formula C6H12O6) molecules are the preferred raw material for cell respiration as it possesses a simple structure and is highly efficient in nature.
The Glycolytic pathway describes the oxidation of glucose to pyruvate with the generation of ATP and NADH
Which of the following 8 statements are correct about the process of Glycolysis?
a.Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is isomerized to the
b.
phosphoenolpyruvate is formed from the loss of a hydrogen atom on carbon 2 and a hydroxyl group from carbon 3
c.
Glucose transporters only transports phosphorylated glucose
d.
2 molecules of NADH is produced from the phosphorylated oxidation of Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
e.
when phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate, 1 molecule of ATP is produced
f.
Fructose-1,6.biphosphate is cleaved by aldolase to form 2 molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
g.
The substrate level phosphorylation of 1,3-biphosphoglycerate yields 2 molecules of ATP
h.
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate loses a hydrogen atom on carbon 1 and gains an oxygen atom
i.
The ketose sugar glucose-6-phosphate is converted to the aldose sugar fructose-6-phosphate by phosphoglucomutase
j.
1,3-biphosphoglycerate loses a phosphate on carbon 1
k.Fructose-6-phosphate loses a hydrogen atom on the first carbon
l.
2 water molecule is yielded when 2-phosphoglycerate is converted to phosphoenolpyruvate
m.
the conversion of a 6 ringed sugar to a 5 ringed sugar is reversible
n.phosphoglycerate mutase moves the phosphate from carbon 1 to carbon 2
o.
Fructose-6-phosphate is transmuted to Fructose-1,6-biphosphate by the orthosteric enzyme phosphofructokinase
p.
Glucose loses a hydrogen atom on carbon 6
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