The genetic disorder sickle-cell anemia occurs when the amino acid valine takes the place of glutamate during translation of a hemoglobin chain. Using the table of codons below, determine the mutation in DNA that produces this disorder. 1st position ↓ U C A G Select one: U serine phenylalanine phenylalanine serine leucine leucine serine serine leucine leucine leucine leucine isoleucine isoleucine isoleucine methionine Table of mRNA Codons 2nd position valine valine valine valine C proline proline proline proline alanine alaninc alanine alanine a. CUC changes to CAG b. GA A changes to GUU A tyrosine tyrosine c. CTT changes to CAT d. C A G changes to CTC stop stop threonine asparagine threonine asparagine threonine threonine histidine histidine glutamine glutamine lysine lysine aspartate aspartate glutamate glutamate G cysteine cysteine stop tryptophan arginine arginine arginine arginine serine serine arginine arginine glycine glycine glycine glycine 3rd position DUMO C G DUMO A G DUMO с A G U C A G
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.

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