### Glycolysis Pathway: Reaction and Analysis**Reaction Description:**The following reaction occurs during the glycolysis pathway:\[ \text{glucose-6-phosphate} \rightleftharpoons \text{fructose-6-phosphate}\]**Thermodynamic Data:**- \(\Delta G' = +0.4 \text{ kcal/mol}\)#### Questions:**a) Equilibrium Constant Calculation:**- **Task:** Determine the value for the equilibrium constant in a mammal whose body temperature is 37°C.**b) Cellular Concentrations Analysis:**- **Conditions in Red Blood Cells:** - Glucose-6-phosphate: 83 μM - Fructose-6-phosphate: 14 μM- **Question:** Under these conditions, is this reaction at equilibrium? If not, will it favor the formation of more fructose-6-phosphate or more glucose-6-phosphate?This information helps in understanding the dynamics of glycolysis and how cellular conditions can influence metabolic pathways.

In a general reaction such as: aA + bB ⇌ cC + dD At equilibrium (steady state), the concentration of…

Answered: *The following reaction occurs during…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Glycolysis is a degradative pathway of glucose.(a). Name the three (3) reactions that occur spontaneously in glycolysis(b). Phosphofructokinase (PFK) is the primary regulatory point of glycolysis andis regulated by substrate cycling. Explain substrate cycling with regard toPFK.(c). What is kinase enzyme reactions and name the four (4) kinase enzymereactions in the glycolysis.
The following two reactions are coupled in the last step of glycolysis (catalyzed by the enzyme pyruvate kinase). РЕР + Н.О € Руr + Pi ADP + Pi → ATP + H2O AG° = -14.8 kcal/mol AG° = +7.3 kcal/mol D) The steady-state concentrations of ATP, ADP, and pyruvate in human erythrocytes are 2.24 mM, 0.25 mM, and 0.051 mM, respectively. What would be the concentration of PEP in these cells if the coupled reaction was at equilibrium?
The intracellular use of glucose and glycogen is tightly regulated at four points. To compare the regulation of glycolysis when oxygen is plentiful and when it is depleted, consider the utilization of glucose and glycogen by rabbit leg muscle in two physiological settings: a resting rabbit and a rabbit that saw its mortal enemy, the coyote, and is dashing to its burrow. For each setting determine the relative levels of the following metabolites: Metabolite Resting.rabbit Dashing rabbit AMP ( Select) [ Select ) ATP ( Select) ( Select ) Citrate [ Select) ( Select ) Acetyl-CoA [ Select } ( Select ) >
In the Cori cycle, the lactate product of glycolysis in muscle is transformedback into glucose by the liver. (a) List the enzymes involved in the lactate → glucose pathway. (b) What is the net gain/loss of ATP for one round of the Cori cycle (glucose → lactate → glucose)?
is this correct ? please can you kindly explain each statement
. Consider the enzymatic reaction scheme: Asparagine + H20 Aspartate + NH3: a) calculate the specific activity of the enzyme, if in 30 seconds as a result of a reaction involving 3 mg of the enzyme under optimal conditions (pH 8.0, 37 °C) 75 umol aspartate is obtained; b) describe the reasons for the decrease in enzyme activity after incubation for 6. 10 minutes at 70 °C (provide an appropriate graph).
1) An average middle-aged person weighing 90 kg (200 lb.) contains 15 % body fat stored in adipose tissue. a) Calculate the amount of energy stored as fat in this person in kilojoules, assuming that energy yield from fat is 37 kJ/g. b) If this same amount of energy were stored in hydrated glycogen rather than fat (hydrated glycogen has an energy yield of 6 kJ/g), how much would the person weight in kilograms and in pounds?
Glycogen is the major animal storage polysaccharide, and is a polymer of glucose. a) List ALL the biochemical steps involved in storing GLUCOSE as glycogen b) Give NAME/S of the ENZYMES involved in EACH listed step c) What PULLS the reaction forward? d) Give the NAME of the tissue where these steps occur. (HINT: remember glycogen is branched chain).
Determine whether the following statements are true or false:- a) The pentose phosphate pathway of glucose conversion is a supplier of NADPH (H +) for reductive syntheses. b) An overdose of insulin causes hypoglycemia in a patient with diabetes mellitus. c) Fructose-6-phosphate is an allosteric regulator of glycolysis.
If a slight deficiency in the Vitamin B1 derivative Thiamine Pyrophosphate (TPP) leads to an accumulation of substrates for reactions utilizing this cofactor, A) what substrates would ‘accumulate’ in a human after eating a an enormous amount of sugar-laden Halloween candy, AND what would be the regulatory consequences on carbohydrate metabolism? B) what substrates would accumulate in yeast cells cultured under anaerobic (no oxygen) conditions AND what would be the regulatory consequences on carbohydrate metabolism? C) and lastly, what substrates would accumulate in plant cells incorporating carbon and generating energy solely using photosynthesis?
Explain the basis for the following statement. For efficient conver- sion of galactose to glucose-1-phosphate, UDP-glucose need be present in catalytic amounts only.
With the aid of diagrams and equations, explain the biochemical processes involved in each of the following, in named cells. Start by mentioning the purpose and site of securrence of each. Go in details please. (a) Glucose-alanine cycle. (b) Oxidative phosphorylation.

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