The following graph shows the short-run aggregate supply curve (AS), the aggregate demand curve (AD), and the long-run aggregate supply curve ( LRAS) for a hypothetical economy. Initially, the expected price level is equal to the actual price level, and the economy is in long-run equilibrium at its natural level of output, $110 billion. Suppose a bout of severe weather drives up agricultural costs, increases the costs of transporting goods and services, and increases the costs of producing goods and services in this economy. Use the graph to help you answer the questions about the short-run and long-run effects of the increase in production costs that follow. Hint: For simplicity, ignore any possible impact of the severe weather on the natural level of output. 130 LRAS 125 AS AD 120 115 AS 110 LRAS 105 100 AD 95 90 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 OUTPUT (Billions of dollars) The short-run economic outcome resulting from the increase in production costs is known as PRICE LEVEL

The following graph shows the short-run aggregate supply curve (AS), the aggregate demand curve (AD), and the long-run aggregate supply curve ( LRAS) for a hypothetical economy. Initially, the expected price level is equal to the actual price level, and the economy is in long-run equilibrium at its natural level of output, $110 billion. Suppose a bout of severe weather drives up agricultural costs, increases the costs of transporting goods and services, and increases the costs of producing goods and services in this economy. Use the graph to help you answer the questions about the short-run and long-run effects of the increase in production costs that follow. Hint: For simplicity, ignore any possible impact of the severe weather on the natural level of output. 130 LRAS 125 AS AD 120 115 AS 110 LRAS 105 100 AD 95 90 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 OUTPUT (Billions of dollars) The short-run economic outcome resulting from the increase in production costs is known as PRICE LEVEL

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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The policies of the federal government influence the outcomes of the various activities in that economy. When government policies change or unplanned events occur, the resulting economic events or activity will usually change. Listed below is a policy or event that affect the performance of the economy: The level of investment decreases because of a lack of confidence in the economy. for the question above, describe what would be the likely outcome in the economy. Use the appropriate tools of analysis, such as aggregate demand and aggregate supply where appropriate, to justify and explain your answer.
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The following graph shows the aggregate demand (AD) curve in a hypothetical economy. At point A, the price level is 140, and the quantity of output demanded is $300 billion. Moving down along the aggregate demand curve from point A to point B, the price level falls to 120, and the quantity of output demanded rises to $500 billion. 170 100 180 140 130 120 110 AD 100 00 100 200 300 400 B00 700 OUTPUT (Billians of dollars) As the price level falls, the cost of borrowing money will , causing the quantity of output demanded to Additionally, as the price level falls, the impact on the domestic interest rate will cause the real value of the dollar to in foreign exchange markets. The number of domestic products purchased by foreigners (exports) will therefore and the number of foreign products purchased by domestic consumers and firms (imports) will Net exports will therefore causing the quantity of domestic output demanded to
Economics
The following graph shows a hypothetical economy in long-run equilibrium at an expected price level of 120 and a natural output level of $300 billion. Suppose a stock market boom increases household wealth and causes consumers to spend more. Using the graph, shift the short-run aggregate supply (AS) curve or the aggregate demand (AD) curve to show the short-run impact of the stock market boom. PRICE LEVEL 3 AS 200 AD -α- 180 8 0 100 200 300 AD 400 500 600 OUTPUT (Billions of dollars) AS (?) In the short run, the increase in consumption spending associated with the stock market expansion causes the price level to level people expected and the quantity of output to the price the natural level of output. The stock market boom will cause the unemployment rate to ▼the natural rate of unemployment in the short run. Again, the following graph shows a hypothetical economy experiencing long-run equilibrium at the expected price level of 120 and natural output level of $300 billion, prior to the…
The Greek letter a represents a number that determines how much output responds to unexpected changes in the price level. In this case, assume that a = $2 billion. That is, when the actual price level exceeds the expected price level by 1, the quantity of output supplied will exceed the natural level of output by $2 billion. Suppose the natural level of output is $50 billion of real GDP and that people expect a price level of 95. On the following graph, use the purple line (diamond symbol) to plot this economy's long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) curve. Then use the orange line segments (square symbol) to plot the economy's short-run aggregate supply (AS) curve at each of the following price levels: 85, 90, 95, 100, and 105. PRICE LEVEL 125 120 115 110 105 100 95 90 85 80 75 0 + 10 20 ¶¶ 30 40 50 60 70 OUTPUT (Billions of dollars) + 80 90 100 -O AS LRAS (?) The short-run quantity of output supplied by firms will rise above the natural level of output when the actual price level falls…
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The following graph represents the short-run aggregate supply curve (SRAS) based on an expected price level of 120. The economy's full- employment output level is $9 trillion. Major unions across the country have recently negotiated three-year wage contracts with employers. The wage contracts are based on an expected price level of 120, but the actual price level turns out to be 160. Show the short-run effect of the unexpectedly high price level by dragging the curve or moving the point to the appropriate position. PRICE LEVEL (CPI) 240 200 160 40 0 0 3 SRAS[120] 6 9 12 REAL GDP (Trillions of dollars) 15 18 SRAS[120] 0 (?) Interpret the change you drew on the previous graph by filling in the blanks in the following paragraph:
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