The following factors X, Y, or Z can each individually cause a certain disease without the other two factors but does when followed by exposure to factor XY. Exposure to factor XY alone is not followed by the disease, but the disease never occurs in the absence of exposure to factor XY. Factor X is: A. A sufficient cause, but not necessary. B. Neither necessary nor sufficient. C. A necessary cause but not sufficient. D. A necessary and sufficient cause.

A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)
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Author:Sheldon Ross
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Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis
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The following factors X, Y, or Z can each individually cause a certain disease without the other two factors but does when followed by exposure to factor XY. Exposure to factor XY alone is not followed by the disease, but the disease never occurs in the absence of exposure to factor XY. Factor X is:

A. A sufficient cause, but not necessary.

B. Neither necessary nor sufficient.

C. A necessary cause but not sufficient.

D. A necessary and sufficient cause.

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