The following data give real GDP, Y, capital, K, and labor, N, for the U.S. economy in various years. Units and sources are the same as in Table 3.1. Assume that the production function is Y-AK0.3N0.7 Year Y K 1970 4951 5600 1980 6759 8055 1990 9365 10,946 2000 13,131 14,711 2010 15,599 17,682 ● L 79 99 119 137 139 (a) Calculate total factor productivity (A). By what percentage did U.S. TFP grow: between 1970 and 1980?

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The following data give real GDP, Y, capital, K, and labor, N, for the U.S. economy in various
years. Units and sources are the same as in Table 3.1. Assume that the production function
is Y-AK0.3N0.7
Year
1970
1980
1990
K
5600
8055
10,946
2000 13,131 14,711 137
2010 15,599 17,682 139
●
Y
4951
6759
9365
L
79
99
119
(a) Calculate total factor productivity (A). By what percentage did U.S. TFP grow:
between 1970 and 1980?
between 1980 and 1990?
between 1990 and 2000?
between 2000 and 2010?
(b) Plot the short-run production function while keeping capital fixed at the 1970 level.
(c) What happened to the marginal product of labor between 1970 and 2010?
HINT: Calculate the marginal product numerically as the extra output gained by adding 1
million workers in each of the two years. (The data for employment, N, are measured in
millions of workers, so an increase of 1 million workers is an increase of 1.0.)
Transcribed Image Text:The following data give real GDP, Y, capital, K, and labor, N, for the U.S. economy in various years. Units and sources are the same as in Table 3.1. Assume that the production function is Y-AK0.3N0.7 Year 1970 1980 1990 K 5600 8055 10,946 2000 13,131 14,711 137 2010 15,599 17,682 139 ● Y 4951 6759 9365 L 79 99 119 (a) Calculate total factor productivity (A). By what percentage did U.S. TFP grow: between 1970 and 1980? between 1980 and 1990? between 1990 and 2000? between 2000 and 2010? (b) Plot the short-run production function while keeping capital fixed at the 1970 level. (c) What happened to the marginal product of labor between 1970 and 2010? HINT: Calculate the marginal product numerically as the extra output gained by adding 1 million workers in each of the two years. (The data for employment, N, are measured in millions of workers, so an increase of 1 million workers is an increase of 1.0.)
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