The effect(s) of the environment on the variation seen in phenotypes include: influencing the heritability of the phenotype influencing the phenotype's response to selection allowing continuous phenotypic variance from a discrete genetic basis all of the above a) and b) only a) and c) only O b) and c) only

Q: List any phenotypes (e.g., physical or behavioral) that might differ between the average person who…

A: Introduction  Twins are two offspring produced by the same pregnancy. There are two types of twins:…

Q: What is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype if the homozygous genotype frequencies are 0.1385…

A: The frequency of the heterozygous genotype depends on factors like allele frequencies and mating…

Q: The fittest individuals always have the most favorable traits.

A: Survival of fittest theory explains that those species which are more fit to a given environment…

Q: What is the  expected ratio of phenotypes among children when the parents are of the AB blood type…

A: ABO blood grouping in human beings is an example of multiple allelism and codominance.

Q: The frequency of the A allele is represented by p, while the a allele is represented by q. At…

A: Hardy Weinberg principle is considered one of the cornerstones of population genetics. The group of…

Q: The V locus in a species of wild apples affects the redness of the fruit. There are two alleles, V1…

A: When two or even more genes produce a single contribution to the resulting phenotype, or when…

Q: If a quantitative trait follows a continuum, this means that:

A: A phenotype that can be measured is referred to as a quantitative trait. Genes, environment, or the…

Q: In Hereford cattle, the phenotypic expression of coat pattern called line-back (a white line down…

A: 1. Allele frequency for the line-back trait:We can solve this problem using the Hardy-Weinberg…

Q: Heritability of a biological trait is best defined as which of the following?   a. The proportion…

A: Hereditary is the process of transmission of characters from one generation to another.

Q: Height in humans depends on the additive action of genes. Assume that this trait is controlled by…

A: The question is about whether two individuals of moderate height can produce offspring that are much…

Q: How can we determine how many polygenes are involved in the inheritance of a quantitative trait?…

A: The polygenic inheritance is the trait (phenotype) that is controlled by more than one genes.…

Q: Show the generalized steps in breeding a recessive trait by the backcross method where rr is…

A: Backcross breeding is the cross made between the hybrid and one of the homozygous parents (recurrent…

Q: In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, which of the following is the correct interpretation of the…

A: The objective of the question is to understand the correct interpretation of the variables 'p' and…

Q: The following table gives the percentage of twin pairs studied in which both twins expressed the…

A: There are many environmental and genetic factors that work together to affect the various phenotype…

Q: Estimates of narrow-sense heritability are useful for which of the following? O a) Determining the…

A: Heritability is the statistical measure used in quantifiable genetics. It can be of two forms. Broad…

Q: Each graph below depicts reaction norms for three different genotypes reared in different…

A: The question asks you to determine in which cases the Environmental Variance(VE) is greater than the…

Q: Outline the structural features of DNA at five levels of complexity.

A: DNA:                                          DNA ~ Deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecule compiled of…

Q: h equations represent the expected relative genotype frequencies under cases of: (1) heterozygous…

A: Introduction:-  According to this law of the Hardy Weinberg law the alleles and the genotype…

Q: in considering the interaction of multiple genes involved in complex traits and interaction with the…

A: The organism's genotype represents the specific set of genes that it carries. These genes are…

Q: What are the major differences in the methods used to study the behavior genetics of single-gene…

A: .Genetics is a study of heredity where a parent passes certain particular genes to the offspring.…

Q: What kind of test would best determine whether genotypic frequencies match the Hardy-Weinberg model?…

A: The Hardy–Weinberg principle, also known as the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, model, theorem, or law,…

Q: Draw the expected phenotypic variance of a trait encoded by 5 genes with 25% environmental variance…

A: For any entity produced by both genetic and environmental variations, phenotypic variation, the…

Q: 1) Narrow sense heritability of withers height in a population of quarter horses is 17%. The average…

A: The narrow sense heritability of the hand's height of a horse population was given at 17%. The…

Q: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a recessive autosomal disorder. In certainpopulations of Northern European…

A: According to Hardy Weinberg law the change of gene frequency in a population remain constant over…

Q: Identify each of the following as an example of allele, genotype, and/or phenotype frequency: A.…

A: Allele frequency is defined as the number of individual alleles of a certain type divided by the…

Q: In a population of 200 people, an allele F has a frequency of 84%. What is the frequency of allele…

A: Hardy-Weinberg principle works in a population where no mutation, genetic drift, immigration, or…

Q: What molecule should cells insert their cell membrane to ensure membrane fluidity?

A: All organisms are made up of cells. Cells can be eukaryotic or prokaryotic. All eukaryotic cells are…

Q: What kind of heritability estimates (broad sense or narrow sense) are obtained from human twin…

A: Heritability is defined as the statistics used to estimate the variation degree in the trait…

Q: Which of these definitions of heritability is most correct? a)The total amount of phenotypic…

A: Which of these definitions of heritability is most correct? Ans : d) The proportion of phenotypic…

Q: Two loci contribute to eyelash length in angora rabbits (locus A  and B).   Assuming additive…

A: Additive genetic variance means each allele that is inherited has a particular contribution to the…

Q: Which of the following best describes the broad-sense heritability of a trait? Variance in the trait…

A: Broad sense heritability - It is the proportion of variation in phenotype which  characterise the…

Q: Assume that human ear length is influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Suppose…

A: Phenotypic variance is denoted by the symbol “Vp”. Phenotypic variance is used to calculate the…

Q: An autosomal locus has alleles A and a. We are given the frequency of individuals with the…

A: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(HWE):HWE is mainly used for the calculation of both the allele as well as…

Q: Which of the following genotypes should be considered "true breeding"? 1.) AaBB 2.) AaBb 3.) aaBB…

A: Genotypes It refers to the set of genes possessed by an organism. It describes the variant forms of…

Q: There is a lack of dominance in black (B) and white (W) horse coat colours. An offspring produced…

A: Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium is a concept that serves as a benchmark for researchers to analyze gene…

Q: How can each of the following be used in determiningthe role of genetic and/or environmental factors…

A: The genes are the components of the genome that direct specific functions in the cell. Their…

Q: 1) In a general genetic bottleneck, the population is reduced because of massive death. True or…

A: Genetics is a branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity…

Q: 20) Consider a trait specified by a single genetic locus with two alleles, B and b. In a particular…

A: The difference between fitness or the change in genotype frequencies is termed as the selection…

Q: Suppose that you do a test cross tracking a continuous trait. In the F2 generation, 1/64 of the…

A: When numerous separate genes act in an additive or comparable manner on a single quantitative…

Q: Recall that the alleles for blood groups are A, B, O, and that A and B are each dominant to O, and A…

A: The genetic makeup of living organisms is referred to as genotype. The total number of genes passed…

Q: How can an allele exhibiting dominance generate both dominance variance (VD) and additive variance…

A: Quantitative genetics is a branch of genetics which deals with the study of variation in…

Q: The ability to taste the compound PTC is controlled by a dominant allele T, while individuals…

A: Hardy-Weinberg equation is important to study the population genetics of a particular species. This…

Q: Create a fictional trait that Selection is acting against and describe: 1) What the trait consists…

A: Introduction Two alleles for a given gene in a diploid organism are expressed and interact to…

Inheritance and Mendelian Genetics

Inheritance means the passing of traits to offspring from parents. These traits could be passed either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. The offspring receives the genetic material from the parents. Mendelian inheritance is a certain biological inheritance that follows the rules and principles laid down by Gregor Mendel in 1865. The initial hypothesis was considered wrong, but other inheritance theories modified the concept of inheritance and thus genetics.