The diversity of functional groups on sugars that can form glycosidicbonds greatly increases the information content of glycans relative to oligopeptides. Consider three amino acids, A, B, and C. How many tripeptides can be formed from one molecule of each amino acid? Now considerthree sugars—glucose, glucuronic acid, and N-acetylglucosamine. Use shorthand (e.g., Glcα(1 → 4)GlcUAβ(1 → 4)GlcNAc to represent 10 trisaccharides with the sequence Glc-GlcUA-GluNAc. Is your list exhaustive?
Nucleotides
It is an organic molecule made up of three basic components- a nitrogenous base, phosphate,and pentose sugar. The nucleotides are important for metabolic reactions andthe formation of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic acids are essential biomolecules present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and viruses. They carry the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins and cellular replication. The nucleic acids are of two types: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The structure of all proteins and ultimately every biomolecule and cellular component is a product of information encoded in the sequence of nucleic acids. Parts of a DNA molecule containing the information needed to synthesize a protein or an RNA are genes. Nucleic acids can store and transmit genetic information from one generation to the next, fundamental to any life form.
The diversity of
bonds greatly increases the information content of glycans relative to oligopeptides. Consider three amino acids, A, B, and C. How many tripeptides can be formed from one molecule of each amino acid? Now considerthree sugars—glucose, glucuronic acid, and N-acetylglucosamine. Use shorthand (e.g., Glcα(1 → 4)GlcUAβ(1 → 4)GlcNAc to represent 10 trisaccharides with the sequence Glc-GlcUA-GluNAc. Is your list exhaustive?
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