The diagram below shows the sites of action for the antibiotics Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim. NOT true? Sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide that is a structural analog of PABA, competitively inhibits the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid from PABA 2 Trimethoprim, a structural analog of a portion of dihydrofolic acid, competitively inhibits the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Creigh O PABA Which of the following statements is Sulfamethoxazole Dihydrofolic acid Trimethoprim Precursors of proteins, DNA, RNA Tetrahydrofolic acid H₂N N H₂N N DNA RNA H₂N OH PABA H NH NH₂ CH₂ C-OH H₂N- SO₂-NHT Sulfamethoxazole O CH, NH Trimethoprim Dihydrofolic acid OCH, -OCH₂ OCH₂ NCH₂ COOH (CH₂)2 NHCH COOH There is synergy between the two antibiotics (less needed in combination than the sum of the two individually) None of the other four answers (All are true statements) Both antibiotics are competitive inhibitors of enzymes that make substances needed by bacteria They have very low differential toxicity because they also inhibit the human folic acid pathway

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Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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The diagram below shows the sites of action for
the antibiotics Sulfamethoxazole and
Trimethoprim.
NOT true?
Sulfamethoxazole, a
sulfonamide that is a
structural analog of
PABA, competitively
inhibits the synthesis
of dihydrofolic acid
from PABA.
2 Trimethoprim, a
structural analog of
a portion of dihydrofolic
acid, competitively
inhibits the synthesis
of tetrahydrofolic acid.
Copyright 2010 Person Education, the
PABA
Which of the following statements is
Sulfamethoxazole
Dihydrofolic acid
Precursors of
proteins, DNA, RNA"
Trimethoprim
Tetrahydrofolic acid
H₂N-
H
H₂N N N
DNA
RNA
PABA
OH
H₂NN NH₂
N CH₂
H₂N-
H
-SO, NH
Sulfamethoxazole
H
CH, NH
Trimethoprim
Dihydrofolic acid
OCH₂
-OCH₂
OCH₂
N
CH₂
COOH
-C-NH-CH
(CH₂)2
COOH
There is synergy between the two antibiotics
(less needed in combination than the sum of
the two individually)
None of the other four answers (All are true
statements)
Both antibiotics are competitive inhibitors of
enzymes that make substances needed by
bacteria
They have very low differential toxicity
because they also inhibit the human folic
acid pathway
Transcribed Image Text:The diagram below shows the sites of action for the antibiotics Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim. NOT true? Sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide that is a structural analog of PABA, competitively inhibits the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid from PABA. 2 Trimethoprim, a structural analog of a portion of dihydrofolic acid, competitively inhibits the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Copyright 2010 Person Education, the PABA Which of the following statements is Sulfamethoxazole Dihydrofolic acid Precursors of proteins, DNA, RNA" Trimethoprim Tetrahydrofolic acid H₂N- H H₂N N N DNA RNA PABA OH H₂NN NH₂ N CH₂ H₂N- H -SO, NH Sulfamethoxazole H CH, NH Trimethoprim Dihydrofolic acid OCH₂ -OCH₂ OCH₂ N CH₂ COOH -C-NH-CH (CH₂)2 COOH There is synergy between the two antibiotics (less needed in combination than the sum of the two individually) None of the other four answers (All are true statements) Both antibiotics are competitive inhibitors of enzymes that make substances needed by bacteria They have very low differential toxicity because they also inhibit the human folic acid pathway
1 Sulfamethoxazole, a
sulfonamide that is a
structural analog of
PABA, competitively
inhibits the synthesis
of dihydrofolic acid
from PABA.
2 Trimethoprim, a
structural analog of
a portion of dihydrofolic
acid, competitively
inhibits the synthesis
of tetrahydrofolic acid.
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
O
PABA
Sulfamethoxazole
Dihydrofolic acid
Trimethoprim
Precursors of
proteins, DNA, RNA
Tetrahydrofolic acid
H₂N N
H₂N
N₂
H₂N-
DNA
RNA
OH
PABA
H
NH₂
N CH₂
C-OH
H₂N-
NH
NÓ CH, NH
-SO₂-NHT
Sulfamethoxazole
Trimethoprim
Dihydrofolic acid
OCH₂
-OCH₂
OCH,
N
-CH₂
COOH
ī
(CH₂)₂
NH…CH
I
COOH
There is synergy between the two antibiotics
(less needed in combination than the sum of
the two individually)
O
O Both antibiotics are competitive inhibitors of
enzymes that make substances needed by
bacteria
None of the other four answers (All are true
statements)
They have very low differential toxicity
because they also inhibit the human folic
acid pathway
These antibiotics prevent the synthesis of
precursors of bacterial nucleic acids and
proteins
Transcribed Image Text:1 Sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide that is a structural analog of PABA, competitively inhibits the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid from PABA. 2 Trimethoprim, a structural analog of a portion of dihydrofolic acid, competitively inhibits the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. O PABA Sulfamethoxazole Dihydrofolic acid Trimethoprim Precursors of proteins, DNA, RNA Tetrahydrofolic acid H₂N N H₂N N₂ H₂N- DNA RNA OH PABA H NH₂ N CH₂ C-OH H₂N- NH NÓ CH, NH -SO₂-NHT Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim Dihydrofolic acid OCH₂ -OCH₂ OCH, N -CH₂ COOH ī (CH₂)₂ NH…CH I COOH There is synergy between the two antibiotics (less needed in combination than the sum of the two individually) O O Both antibiotics are competitive inhibitors of enzymes that make substances needed by bacteria None of the other four answers (All are true statements) They have very low differential toxicity because they also inhibit the human folic acid pathway These antibiotics prevent the synthesis of precursors of bacterial nucleic acids and proteins
Expert Solution
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Antibiotics are generally used to kill the microbes by targeting a pathway that is essential for their survival. It is generally used to prevent bacterial infection.

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