The activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase in E. coli is regulated by the covalent attachment of a phosphate group, which inactivates the enzyme. When acetate is the food source for a culture of E. coli, isocitrate dehydrogenase is phosphorylated. However, when glucose is added to the culture, the phosphate group is removed from isocitrate dehydrogenase. These observations indicate that acetate metabolism proceeds through the citric acid cycle *, while glucose metabolism proceeds through the gluconeogenesis pathway

Q: What is gluconeogenesis? Compare glycogenesis with glycogenolysis.

A: Gluconeogenesis is the metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from certain…

Q: Define each of the following term a. gluconeogenesis b. glycolysis c. isoelectric point d. Active…

A: (a) Gluconeogenesis :  It is the metabolic process of formation of Glucose from the breakdown of its…

Q: cycles

A: AsUrea and citric acid cycles both are different but one compound known as  Fumarate  is comman in…

Q: How many molecules of NADH and FADH2 are obtained from the β-oxidation of one molecule of a…

A: In the β-oxidation, also known as fatty acid oxidation, 2 carbon units from the β-carbon position of…

Q: heme is formed from which citric acid cycle intermediate?

A: A question about formation of heme from citric acid cycle, which is to be accomplished.

Q: Is the process of Glycolysis considered to be Anabolic or Catabolic?

A:

Q: Which of the following occurs during the citric acid cycle? Select an answer and submit. For…

A: Option 2 is incorrect because co2 is not converted into acetyl coenzyme A instead acetyl conenzyme A…

Q: when B-oxidation of arachidic acid proceeds to TCA, how many molecules of CO2 are produced

A: Fatty acid beta oxidation is the process of oxidation by which fatty acids are broken down to…

Q: What acyl group does the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex transfer to coenzyme A?

A: The pyruvate decarboxylase is enzyme used to transfer acyl group from one group to another group…

Q: Identify at least five biological effects of disorders of the citric acid cycle. And briefly discuss…

A:

Q: why is glycogen production activated in the liver during Fed and not fasting pathways?.

A: Answer - According to the question - In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells…

Q: 1. Draw a map tracing the steps that this molecule would take to go individually through…

A: Approach to solving the question:Understand the pathways: Begin by thoroughly understanding each…

Q: What products of the citric acid cycle are funneled into the electron transport chain?

A: The products of citric acid cycle which are funneled into electron transport chain has to be given.

Q: Draw a structural formula for the missing product in the following reaction. (1) LIAIH4, ether…

A: In the given reaction the carboxylic acid is reduced by lithium aluminium hydride.

Q: What type of reaction does malate undergo in the following step of the citric acid cycle? COO™…

A: Oxidation: Addition of oxygen or removal of hydrogen is called oxidation.  Dehydration: Removal of…

Q: In which direction do protons move through ATP synthase? a. from the intermembrane space to…

A: The direction do protons move through ATP synthase has to be choosen

Q: Butyric acid bonded to CoA is undergoing fatty acid oxidation. It has undergone oxidation by FAD…

A: On undergoing oxidation by FAD followed by hydration and then second oxidation with NAD+ the…

Q: What is the total equation for the citric acid cycle?

A: Citric acid cycle is also known as TCA(Tricarboxylic acid ) cycle lr Kreb's cycle. This cycle…

Q: In one step of the glycolysis pathway, a chain is broken into two fragments, only one of which can…

A: Glycolysis is a catabolic process which occurs in cytosol of all the cells. In this glucose is…

Q: What is the importance of the aspartate-argininosuccinate shunt of the citric acid cycle.

A: The metabolic pathway between the citric acid and urea cycles are known as the…

Q: How many molecules of FADH2 are produced by the complete oxidation of one acetyl group by the citric…

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Q: Number of electrons generated in the oxidation of 2 pyruvate by pyruvate deheydrogenase complex.

A: Oxidation  of 2 pyruvate by pyruvate dehydrogenase complex  is lead by Krebs cycle.

Q: Draw the Citric acid cycle pathway, then identify and label the different types of organic reaction…

A: To draw the citric acid cycle pathway and identify the different types of organic reaction taking…

Q: What amino acid is obtained from the reductive amination of the following metabolic intermediates in…

A: Introduction: Pyruvic acid can be used to synthesize amino acids. In a reductive amination process,…

Q: In what form is the energy from the breakdown of citrate in steps 3, 4, and 8 of the citric acid…

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Q: For each of the following pathways:  What hey substrate(s) enter(s) each pathway?  What key…

A: A series of chemical reactions which is occurring within the cell is known as metabolic pathway. The…

Q: COA How many molecules of each of the cofactors are produced when these two acetyl-SCOA molecules…

A: For one acetyl coenzyme molecule passing through citric acid cycle produces  a) 3 molecules of NADH:…

Q: How many molecules of NADH are formed from the beta-oxidation of one molecule of palmitic acid?

A: Fatty Acids: Acids that have the long chain of carboxylic acids with presence of double or triple…

Q: uconeogenesi Malate Oxaloacetate Alpha-ketoglutarate Pyruvate Succinate

A: Among the intermediates of the TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle listed, Oxaloacetate is the one that…

Q: How many molecules of ATP are obtained from the b-oxidation of one molecule of a 16-carbon saturated…

A: Acetyl CoA generated by the beta oxidation enters the mitochondrial TCA cycle. When it enters TCA…

Q: What happened to the Pyruvate produced during glycolysis?

A: Pyruvate produced after glycolysis undergoes oxidation to acquire energy as ATP. This oxidation of…

Q: The citric acid cycle is also called the tricarboxylic acid cycle (or TCA cycle). Which of the…

A: The Citric Acid Cycle is the series of chemical reactions that are performed in the body of every…

Q: Item Answer Total Number of ATP Produced from one Glucose Molecule Total Number of NADH Obtained…

A:

Q: What functional group of isocitrate is oxidized in the third reaction of the citric acid cycle?

A: Citric acid cycle involves 8 series reaction which converts acetyl group present in acetyl group…

Q: How many molecules of CO2 are obtained from the complete metabolism of one molecule of a 16-carbon…

A: Two molecules of CO2 is obtained per molecule of acetyl-CoA.

Q: Identify whether each substance is a reactant or product of the citric acid cycle. Reactant Answer…

A:

Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways

Metabolic pathways allude to the arrangement of chemical catalyzed reactions that lead to the transformation of a substance into the final product. Metabolic pathways incorporate a progression of reaction where the substrate is changed continuously and the transitional metabolites are persistently recovered.

Glucogenesis

Glucogenesis is a metabolic pathway in which glucose is produced from carbon substrates that are not carbohydrates. This process is observed in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria and other micro organisms. The general  definition for glucogenesis or gluconeogenesis is as follows,