Table 5. Ignition Testing Determining the Hydrocarbons Test Hydrocarbon Observation Inference Bromination Test Saturated or Unsaturated Orange color of Additional product formed, therefore, unsaturated hydrocarbon bromine 1. Bromine solution- carbon tetrachloride- discharged hydrocarbon B No additional product No change is observed formed, therefore, saturated hydrocarbon с Orange colour of bromine discharge Additional product formed, therefore, unsaturated hydrocarbon Table 5.1. Ignition Testing Determining the Hydrocarbons Alkaline KMnO, Test Saturated or Unsaturated 2. Alkaline KMnO,- A Purple colour Additional product formed, discharged therefore, unsaturated hydrocarbons hydrocarbon B Purple colour persists No addition product formed, therefore, saturated hydrocarbon C Purple colour discharged Additional product formed, therefore, unsaturated hydrocarbon Table 5.2. Ignition Testing Determining the Hydrocarbons Ammoniacal cuprous chloride Test Alkane, alkyne and alkene

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Reactions of Ethers

Ethers (R-O-R’) are compounds formed by replacing hydrogen atoms of an alcohol (R-OH compound) or a phenol (C6H5OH) by an aryl/ acyl group (functional group after removing single hydrogen from an aromatic ring). In this section, reaction, preparation and behavior of ethers are discussed in the context of organic chemistry.

Epoxides

Epoxides are a special class of cyclic ethers which are an important functional group in organic chemistry and generate reactive centers due to their unusual high reactivity. Due to their high reactivity, epoxides are considered to be toxic and mutagenic.

Williamson Ether Synthesis

An organic reaction in which an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol forms ether is known as Williamson ether synthesis. Alexander Williamson developed the Williamson ether synthesis in 1850. The formation of ether in this synthesis is an SN2 reaction.