TABLE 24.3 Short Sequence Elements That Can Be Identified by Computer Analysis Type of Sequence Examples" Many E. coli promoters contain TTGACA (-35 site) and TATAAT (–10 site). Eukaryotic core promoters may contain CAAT boxes, GC boxes, TATA boxes, etc. Promoter Response elements Glucocorticoid response element (AGRACA), CAMP response element (GTGACGTRA) Start codon ATG Stop codons TAA, TAG, TGA Splice site GTRAGT- -YNYTRAC(Y)^AG Polyadenylation signal AATAAA Highly repetitive sequences Relatively short sequences that are repeated many times throughout a genome Often characterized by a pattern in which direct repeats flank inverted repeats Transposable elements *The sequences shown in this table are found in DNA. For gene sequences, only the coding strand is shown. R= purine (A or G); Y = pyrimidine (T or C); N = A, T, G, or C; U in RNA = T in DNA.

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Genome annotation

The technique of linking biological information to genome sequences is termed genome annotation. Gene annotation is the method of identifying gene locations and coding sections. It helps us understand what these genes are doing in the body through establishing structural characteristics and linking them to the actions of various proteins.