Students attach a thin strip of metal to a table so that the strip is horizontal in relation to the ground. A section of the strip hangs off the edge of the table. A mass is secured to the end of the hanging section of the strip and is then displaced so that the mass-strip system oscillates, as shown in the figure. Students make various measurements of the net force F exerted on the mass as a result of the force due to gravity and the normal force from the strip, the vertical position y of the mass above and below its equilibrium position y, and the period of oscillation T when the mass is displaced by different amplitudes A. Which of the following explanations is correct about the evidence required to conclude that the mass undergoes simple harmonic motion? A.The period T of oscillation depends on the amplitude A of the mass, because the students can directly change this value during the experiment. B.The net force F exerted on the mass must be directly proportional to the vertical position y, because the net force exerted on the mass is the restoring force. C.The mass’s acceleration is proportional to the square of the vertical position y because the elastic potential energy of the mass-strip system can be modeled by the equation for spring potential energy. D.The motion of the mass repeats after a specific time interval, because total mechanical energy is considered to be conserved in simple harmonic motion.
Simple harmonic motion
Simple harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion in which an object undergoes oscillatory motion. The restoring force exerted by the object exhibiting SHM is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position. The force is directed towards the mean position. We see many examples of SHM around us, common ones are the motion of a pendulum, spring and vibration of strings in musical instruments, and so on.
Simple Pendulum
A simple pendulum comprises a heavy mass (called bob) attached to one end of the weightless and flexible string.
Oscillation
In Physics, oscillation means a repetitive motion that happens in a variation with respect to time. There is usually a central value, where the object would be at rest. Additionally, there are two or more positions between which the repetitive motion takes place. In mathematics, oscillations can also be described as vibrations. The most common examples of oscillation that is seen in daily lives include the alternating current (AC) or the motion of a moving pendulum.
Students attach a thin strip of metal to a table so that the strip is horizontal in relation to the ground. A section of the strip hangs off the edge of the table. A mass is secured to the end of the hanging section of the strip and is then displaced so that the mass-strip system oscillates, as shown in the figure. Students make various measurements of the net force F exerted on the mass as a result of the force due to gravity and the normal force from the strip, the vertical position y of the mass above and below its equilibrium position y, and the period of oscillation T when the mass is displaced by different amplitudes A. Which of the following explanations is correct about the evidence required to conclude that the mass undergoes
A.The period T of oscillation depends on the amplitude A of the mass, because the students can directly change this value during the experiment.
B.The net force F exerted on the mass must be directly proportional to the vertical position y, because the net force exerted on the mass is the restoring force.
C.The mass’s acceleration is proportional to the square of the vertical position y because the elastic potential energy of the mass-strip system can be modeled by the equation for spring potential energy.
D.The motion of the mass repeats after a specific time interval, because total mechanical energy is considered to be conserved in simple harmonic motion.
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