Homework Help is Here – Start Your Trial Now!
Science
Biology
"Stimulus 1 Amplitude" to 0 and "Sweep Duration" to 20 ms. Now slowly raise the "K+ equilibrium potential" to more and more positive values. As the K+ equilibrium potential is raised, you will observe the following sequence of events. The membrane potential depolarizes. Spontaneous action potentials are generated. The frequency of the action potentials increases. The amplitude of the action potentials diminishes. The action potentials die out as the membrane potential continues to depolarize. The same sequence of events occurs during spreading depression episodes in the cortex. During spreading depression, extracellular K+ concentration increases from a normal level of 3 mM to 50 mM or more. Spreading depression is thought to underlie the symptoms of migraine headache in the visual cortex, with the spontaneously generated action potentials resulting in visual auras that sometimes accompany migraines, and the loss of action potential generation resulting in a visual scotoma. Can you explain why this sequence of events occurs when the K+ equilibrium potential is raised? 9. Multiple Sclerosis. The symptoms of multiple sclerosis are caused by conduction failure due to the demyelination of CNS axons. The symptoms of multiple sclerosis are alleviated by lowering a patient's core body temperature while symptoms are exacerbated by an exercise-induced rise in body temperature. MetaNeuron can be used to investigate the effect of temperature on action potential generation. Starting with the default parameter values, adjust the stimulus amplitude so that it is just below threshold for initiating an action potential. Now vary the temperature. How much does the temperature have to be lowered to evoke an action potential? Starting again from the default parameter values, adjust the stimulus amplitude so that it is just above threshold for initiating an action potential. How much does the temperature have to be raised to block initiation of the action potential? In a patient with conduction block, lowering their core body temperature will restore conduction by lowering the threshold for action potential generation. Why does lowering the temperature reduce the threshold for action potential generation?

"Stimulus 1 Amplitude" to 0 and "Sweep Duration" to 20 ms. Now slowly raise the "K+ equilibrium potential" to more and more positive values. As the K+ equilibrium potential is raised, you will observe the following sequence of events. The membrane potential depolarizes. Spontaneous action potentials are generated. The frequency of the action potentials increases. The amplitude of the action potentials diminishes. The action potentials die out as the membrane potential continues to depolarize. The same sequence of events occurs during spreading depression episodes in the cortex. During spreading depression, extracellular K+ concentration increases from a normal level of 3 mM to 50 mM or more. Spreading depression is thought to underlie the symptoms of migraine headache in the visual cortex, with the spontaneously generated action potentials resulting in visual auras that sometimes accompany migraines, and the loss of action potential generation resulting in a visual scotoma. Can you explain why this sequence of events occurs when the K+ equilibrium potential is raised? 9. Multiple Sclerosis. The symptoms of multiple sclerosis are caused by conduction failure due to the demyelination of CNS axons. The symptoms of multiple sclerosis are alleviated by lowering a patient's core body temperature while symptoms are exacerbated by an exercise-induced rise in body temperature. MetaNeuron can be used to investigate the effect of temperature on action potential generation. Starting with the default parameter values, adjust the stimulus amplitude so that it is just below threshold for initiating an action potential. Now vary the temperature. How much does the temperature have to be lowered to evoke an action potential? Starting again from the default parameter values, adjust the stimulus amplitude so that it is just above threshold for initiating an action potential. How much does the temperature have to be raised to block initiation of the action potential? In a patient with conduction block, lowering their core body temperature will restore conduction by lowering the threshold for action potential generation. Why does lowering the temperature reduce the threshold for action potential generation?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
See similar textbooks
icon
Related questions
Question
"Stimulus 1 Amplitude" to 0 and "Sweep Duration" to 20 ms. Now slowly raise the "K+ equilibrium potential" to more and more positive values. As the K+ equilibrium potential is raised, you will observe the following sequence of events. The membrane potential depolarizes. Spontaneous action potentials are generated. The frequency of the action potentials increases. The amplitude of the action potentials diminishes. The action potentials die out as the membrane potential continues to depolarize. The same sequence of events occurs during spreading depression episodes in the cortex. During spreading depression, extracellular K+concentration increases from a normal level of 3 mM to 50 mM or more. Spreading depression is thought to underlie the symptoms of migraine headache in the visual cortex, with the spontaneously generated action potentials resulting in visual auras that sometimes accompany migraines, and the loss of action potential generation resulting in a visual scotoma. Can you explain why this sequence of events occurs when the K+ equilibrium potential is raised? 9. Multiple Sclerosis. The symptoms of multiple sclerosis are caused by conduction failure due to the demyelination of CNS axons. The symptoms of multiple sclerosis are alleviated by lowering a patient's core body temperature while symptoms are exacerbated by an exercise-induced rise in body temperature. MetaNeuron can be used to investigate the effect of temperature on action potential generation. Starting with the default parameter values, adjust the stimulus amplitude so that it is just below threshold for initiating an action potential. Now vary the temperature. How much does the temperature have to be lowered to evoke an action potential? Starting again from the default parameter values, adjust the stimulus amplitude so that it is just above threshold for initiating an action potential. How much does the temperature have to be raised. to block initiation of the action potential? In a patient with conduction block, lowering their core body temperature will restore conduction by lowering the threshold for action potential generation. Why does lowering the temperature reduce the threshold for action potential generation?
Transcribed Image Text:"Stimulus 1 Amplitude" to 0 and "Sweep Duration" to 20 ms. Now slowly raise the "K+ equilibrium potential" to more and more positive values. As the K+ equilibrium potential is raised, you will observe the following sequence of events. The membrane potential depolarizes. Spontaneous action potentials are generated. The frequency of the action potentials increases. The amplitude of the action potentials diminishes. The action potentials die out as the membrane potential continues to depolarize. The same sequence of events occurs during spreading depression episodes in the cortex. During spreading depression, extracellular K+concentration increases from a normal level of 3 mM to 50 mM or more. Spreading depression is thought to underlie the symptoms of migraine headache in the visual cortex, with the spontaneously generated action potentials resulting in visual auras that sometimes accompany migraines, and the loss of action potential generation resulting in a visual scotoma. Can you explain why this sequence of events occurs when the K+ equilibrium potential is raised? 9. Multiple Sclerosis. The symptoms of multiple sclerosis are caused by conduction failure due to the demyelination of CNS axons. The symptoms of multiple sclerosis are alleviated by lowering a patient's core body temperature while symptoms are exacerbated by an exercise-induced rise in body temperature. MetaNeuron can be used to investigate the effect of temperature on action potential generation. Starting with the default parameter values, adjust the stimulus amplitude so that it is just below threshold for initiating an action potential. Now vary the temperature. How much does the temperature have to be lowered to evoke an action potential? Starting again from the default parameter values, adjust the stimulus amplitude so that it is just above threshold for initiating an action potential. How much does the temperature have to be raised. to block initiation of the action potential? In a patient with conduction block, lowering their core body temperature will restore conduction by lowering the threshold for action potential generation. Why does lowering the temperature reduce the threshold for action potential generation?
7. Anodal Break excitation. Starting with the default parameter values, set "Sweep Duration" to 10 msec. Now decrease the "Stimulus 1 Amplitude” until it reaches-225 μA. An action potential is evoked by the hyperpolarizing stimulus! This phenomenon is called anode break excitation. Can you explain why a hyperpolarizing stimulus evokes an action potential? 8. Spreading Depression. Starting with the default parameter values, set "Stimulus 1 Amplitude" to 0 and "Sweep Duration" to 20 ms. Now slowly raise the "K+ equilibrium potential" to more and more positive values. As the K+ equilibrium potential is raised, you will observe the following sequence of events. The membrane potential depolarizes. Spontaneous action potentials are generated. The frequency of the action potentials increases. The amplitude of the action potentials diminishes. The action potentials die out as the membrane potential continues to depolarize. The same sequence of events occurs during spreading depression episodes in the cortex. During spreading depression, extracellular K+ concentration increases from a normal level of 3 mM to 50 mM or more. Spreading depression is thought to underlie the symptoms of migraine headache in the visual cortex, with the spontaneously generated action potentials resulting in visual auras that sometimes accompany migraines, and the loss of action potential generation resulting in a visual scotoma. Can you explain why this sequence of events occurs when the K+ equilibrium
Transcribed Image Text:7. Anodal Break excitation. Starting with the default parameter values, set "Sweep Duration" to 10 msec. Now decrease the "Stimulus 1 Amplitude” until it reaches-225 μA. An action potential is evoked by the hyperpolarizing stimulus! This phenomenon is called anode break excitation. Can you explain why a hyperpolarizing stimulus evokes an action potential? 8. Spreading Depression. Starting with the default parameter values, set "Stimulus 1 Amplitude" to 0 and "Sweep Duration" to 20 ms. Now slowly raise the "K+ equilibrium potential" to more and more positive values. As the K+ equilibrium potential is raised, you will observe the following sequence of events. The membrane potential depolarizes. Spontaneous action potentials are generated. The frequency of the action potentials increases. The amplitude of the action potentials diminishes. The action potentials die out as the membrane potential continues to depolarize. The same sequence of events occurs during spreading depression episodes in the cortex. During spreading depression, extracellular K+ concentration increases from a normal level of 3 mM to 50 mM or more. Spreading depression is thought to underlie the symptoms of migraine headache in the visual cortex, with the spontaneously generated action potentials resulting in visual auras that sometimes accompany migraines, and the loss of action potential generation resulting in a visual scotoma. Can you explain why this sequence of events occurs when the K+ equilibrium
Expert Solution
trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 5 steps

SEE SOLUTIONCheck out a sample Q&A here
Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
Cardiovascular system
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
  • SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9780134580999
Author:
Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:
PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:
9781947172517
Author:
Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:
OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:
9781259398629
Author:
McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:
Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9780815344322
Author:
Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:
W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:
9781260159363
Author:
Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9781260231700
Author:
Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:
McGraw Hill Education
SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS