Snorkeling by humans and elephants. When a person snorkels, the lungs are connected directly to the atmosphere through the snorkel tube and thus are at atmospheric pressure. In atmospheres, what is the difference Ap between this internal air pressure and the water pressure against the body if the length of the snorkel tube is (a)22 cm (standard situation) and (b)3.7 m (probably lethal situation)? In the latter, the pressure difference causes blood vessels on the walls of the lungs to rupture, releasing blood into the ungs. As depicted in the figure, an elephant can safely snorkel through its trunk while swimming with its lungs 3.7 m below the water surface because the membrane around its lungs contains connective tissue that holds and protects the blood vessels, preventing rupturing.

Snorkeling by humans and elephants. When a person snorkels, the lungs are connected directly to the atmosphere through the snorkel tube and thus are at atmospheric pressure. In atmospheres, what is the difference Ap between this internal air pressure and the water pressure against the body if the length of the snorkel tube is (a)22 cm (standard situation) and (b)3.7 m (probably lethal situation)? In the latter, the pressure difference causes blood vessels on the walls of the lungs to rupture, releasing blood into the ungs. As depicted in the figure, an elephant can safely snorkel through its trunk while swimming with its lungs 3.7 m below the water surface because the membrane around its lungs contains connective tissue that holds and protects the blood vessels, preventing rupturing.

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College Physics

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305952300

Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...

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Concept explainers

Fluid Pressure

The term fluid pressure is coined as, the measurement of the force per unit area of a given surface of a closed container. It is a branch of physics that helps to study the properties of fluid under various conditions of force.

Gauge Pressure

Pressure is the physical force acting per unit area on a body; the applied force is perpendicular to the surface of the object per unit area. The air around us at sea level exerts a pressure (atmospheric pressure) of about 14.7 psi but this doesn’t seem to bother anyone as the bodily fluids are constantly pushing outwards with the same force but if one swims down into the ocean a few feet below the surface one can notice the difference, there is increased pressure on the eardrum, this is due to an increase in hydrostatic pressure.

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Question

Flying Circus of Physics
Snorkeling by humans and elephants. When a person snorkels, the lungs are connected directly to the atmosphere through the snorkel
tube and thus are at atmospheric pressure. In atmospheres, what is the difference Ap between this internal air pressure and the
water pressure against the body if the length of the snorkel tube is (a)22 cm (standard situation) and (b)3.7 m (probably lethal
situation)? In the latter, the pressure difference causes blood vessels on the walls of the lungs to rupture, releasing blood into the
lungs. As depicted in the figure, an elephant can safely snorkel through its trunk while swimming with its lungs 3.7 m below the
water surface because the membrane around its lungs contains connective tissue that holds and protects the blood vessels,
preventing rupturing.
(a) Number
i 2212.16
Units
atm
(b) Number
37204.425
Units
atm

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