Long Snorkel: Inhalation of a breath occurs when the muscles surrounding the human lungs move to increase the volume of the lungs, thereby reducing the air pressure in the lungs. The difference between the reduced pressure in the lungs and outside atmospheric pressure causes a flow of air into the lungs. The maximum reduction in air pressure that muscles of the chest can produce in the lungs against the surrounding air pressure on the chest and body is about 3390 Pa. Consider the longest snorkel that a human can operate. The minimum pressure difference needed to take in a breath is about 257 Pa. Find the depth h that a person could swim to and still breathe with this snorkel.
Viscosity
The measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow is known as viscosity. Most fluids have some resistance to motion, the resistance provided by the fluid is called viscosity. This resistance is created by the force of attraction between the fluid molecules. If you pour water through a funnel, it flows easily and quickly, because it has very little resistance. But if you pour honey through a funnel, it may take a little time longer, as the density of honey is high.
Poiseuille's Law
The law of Poiseuille or Poiseuille's equation states that the pressure drop of an incompressible fluid especially a liquid in a laminar flow that passes through a cylindrical tube of length L, radius r, pressure gradient ΔP, and mainly depends on the viscosity of the fluid is nothing but the pressure difference of the layers of fluids. ΔP=P1-P2
Drag Forces
Forces that occur due to the movement of fluid are known as fluid mechanics. Following are the fluids present:
Long Snorkel: Inhalation of a breath occurs when the muscles surrounding the human lungs move to increase the volume of the lungs, thereby reducing the air pressure in the lungs. The difference between the reduced pressure in the lungs and outside atmospheric pressure causes a flow of air into the lungs. The maximum reduction in air pressure that muscles of the chest can produce in the lungs against the surrounding air pressure on the chest and body is about 3390 Pa. Consider the longest snorkel that a human can operate. The minimum pressure difference needed to take in a breath is about 257 Pa. Find the depth h that a person could swim to and still breathe with this snorkel.
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