Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: What is formed during aerobic respiration when electrons are passed down the electron transport chain? (a) oxygen, (b) water, (c) glucose, (d) NADH + H+.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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ISBN:9780134580999
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Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: What is formed during aerobic respiration when electrons are passed down the electron transport chain? (a) oxygen, (b) water, (c) glucose, (d) NADH + H+.

Expert Solution
Step 1

The respiration process in which the energy is released or formed in the form of ATP on the oxidation of glucose which is a most important monosaccharide carbohydrate. Aerobic respiration occurs in three steps, first is the glycolysis, breakdown of glucose to pyruvate, second is the Kreb's cycle or citric acid cycle in which acetyl CoA is used to form reducing powers, then third is the electron transport chain in which reducing powers are used to synthesize ATP for other body functions.

Step 2

The electron transport chain or oxidative phosphorylation is the process that is the final stage of cellular respiration in which a series of protein molecules are found in the mitochondrial membrane that is used to transfer electrons from reducing powers from one molecule to another and energy is released which is used to pump hydrogen ions and forming an electrochemical gradient. The electrons are transferred to molecular oxygen which joins to the hydrogen ions, forming water molecules. The gradient is used to make ATP as they pass through the ATP synthase. The ETC is shown in the diagram given below:

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