Select all of the statements that correctly describe DNA structure: Base pairing will always be between a purine base and a pyrimidine base. Two connected DNA strands will be oriented in the same direction. Hydrogen bonds will hold two DNA strands together. The sugars and phosphate groups are located on the exterior of the helix. The pyrimidine and purine bases are located on the outside of the double helix.

Select all of the statements that correctly describe DNA structure: Base pairing will always be between a purine base and a pyrimidine base. Two connected DNA strands will be oriented in the same direction. Hydrogen bonds will hold two DNA strands together. The sugars and phosphate groups are located on the exterior of the helix. The pyrimidine and purine bases are located on the outside of the double helix.

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter9: Molecular Biology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13CTQ: Describe the structure and complementary base pairing of DNA.

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Identify the key structural features of a DNA molecule. Strong ionic bonds and hydrophobic interaction hold DNA together. DNA bases are always paired purine with pyrimidine. DNA strands are antiparallel and include a 5' end and a 3' end. DNA contains the nucleotide bases adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. DNA is most often found as a left-handed helix, commonly referred to as Z-DNA. The backbone of DNA is made of a sugar and a phosphate molecule.
A nucleotide is the monomeric building block of the polymer of DNA. To better understand the characteristics of DNA, it is important to understand how the monomers join to form the polymer. Use the following diagram of DNA (and the diagram of a nucleotide in the PowerPoint presentation) to label the listed features: 3' and 5' ends, nucleotide, phosphate group, sugar group, phosphodiester bond, nitrogenous base (pyrimidine and purine), and hydrogen bonds. NHZ NH2 HN OH₂N NH₂ 5. Looking at the polymer, why is a DNA considered antiparallel? 6. Why are the ends of DNA strands named 3' or 5'? 7. How do A:T interactions differ compared to G:C interactions? How does this affect stability of the bond pairs? 8. During gel electrophoresis, to which electrode (+ or -) does DNA migrate? Why?
All the following statements about DNA are true, EXCEPT: O DNA is a double-helix, consisting of a sugar-phosphate backbone. O DNA is made up on nucleotides, which consist of one sugar, one phosphate, and one base. O DNA consists of 4 bases - adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine. The two main functions of DNA are to replicate itself and to create proteins (by providing the template for protein synthesis). O The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose.
Select the phrases that accurately describe properties of the most common form of the DNA double helix. DNA contains equal amounts of adenine and thymine and equal amounts of cytosine and guanine. The nitrogenous bases are exposed to the solvent, whereas the sugar-phosphate backbone of each nucleotide strand is in the interior of the double helix. The phosphodiester bonds between nucleotide residues run in opposite directions in the two strands. Base pairs have a spacing of 3.4 Å. A helical turn consists of about 3.4 base pairs.
List the DNA bases that will complementary base pair with the following sequence: A-G-C-T-A-C-G
Which of the following does NOT describe DNA as it occurs in Eukaryotic cells. CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY: 1. nitrogenous bases of opposite strands are paired through covalent bonds 2. base pairs are stacked 3.4 A (0.34 nm) apart 3. the two strands of one double helix are complementary 4. two long polynucleotide chains 5. there are 20 base pairs per each turn of a double helix 6. adenine pairs with thymine of the neighboring nucleotide in a single DNA strand 7. bases face outside of the double helix 8. consecutive nucleotides of a single DNA strand are linked by hydrogen bonds 9. here are A-T and G-C pairs in DNA double helix 10. sugar-phosphate backbone of a single DNA strand is formed by linking deoxyribose units and phosphate groups through phosphodiester bonds 11. the two strands of one helix are antiparallel 12.double helix 13. the larger major groove alternates with the smaller minor groove along the length of the double stranded DNA I tried 2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13 together and got it…
Draw a stylized diagram of double-stranded DNA. Use a pentagon for sugar, a circle for phosphate and a square for bases. Label each base A, T, C or G. Show two pairs of nucleotides connected via hydrogen bonds (use all 4 letters). Show the polarity of each strand and clearly indicate the number of hydrogen bonds in each pair of nucleotides. Draw a solid-line circle around a nucleotide. Draw a dashed-line circle around a nucleoside. Indicate a phosphodiester bond using an arrow.
Some Discoveries about DNA DNA is made of deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, and four nucleotides (A, G, C, and T). DNA was originally isolated from white blood cells. X-ray diffraction of the DNA molecules shows that it is a helical structure. Adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine in any sample of DNA. DNA, not proteins, carries genetic information. Match the following scientists with their discoveries listed above. Discovery: Answer Answer Answer Answer Scientist: Franklin Chargaff Levene Hershey and Chase
The nucleotides are very specific as to which bond together. The four nucleotides are:Adenine (A) Thymine (T)Guanine (G) Cytosine (C)They are written out in this order because Adenine always bonds with Thymine and Cytosine alwaysbonds with Guanine. Draw a line connecting those so you remember.Let’s practice making complementary strands. DNA: T-A-C-T-T-A-C-A-C-G-T-C-A-A-C-G-T-G-C-C-T-T-A-G-C-C-A-T-TDNA: A-T-GGo ahead and write out the complementary strand to the strand above continuing where we left off.
DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids, but their structures and functions differ. Which of the following options correctly describes the structures and functions of DNA and RNA? a RNA is made from DNA and is used in transcription, while DNA is used in translation. b DNA is a double helix that is used to make proteins, while RNA is single-stranded and used to make lipids. c In DNA, adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine join together and carry all of the genetic information. RNA is made from adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine and is used to make proteins. d DNA is a double helix that carries all of the genetic information of an organism, while RNA is single-stranded and carries only half of the genetic information.
Match each of the following terms with the one definition that best describes it. Any of the following: Uracil, Cytosine, Thymine, Adenine, Guanine ····· Closes "nicks" between DNA fragments, forming a covalent bond that joins the fragments together Lays down a short chain of nucleotides at the beginning of DNA replication Synthesizes mRNA from a DNA template Unwinds the DNA double helix during DNA replication Adds individual nucleotides to a growing DNA strand during DNA replication 1. RNA Polymerase 2. DNA Polymerase 3. Ligase 4. Primase 5. Helicase 6. Nitrogenous Base
DNA has unique properties that allow it to accurately retain genetic information, even after multiple rounds of replication. One aspect of DNA that allows it to accurately store genetic information is the base pairing from Chargaff's first rule of the four nucleotide bases. If the A content of a DNA molecule is 18%, what are the percentages of the remaining bases? T = G = C = % % %