**Transcription for Educational Website****Standard Genetic Code Table**The genetic code table shows four rows corresponding to the nucleotides T, C, A, and G. Each row is further divided into columns with codons (three-letter nucleotide sequences) and their corresponding amino acids or a stop signal. The table is a standard reference for translating RNA sequences into proteins.**DNA Segment and Peptide Synthesis**The DNA segment below encodes a short peptide of 8 amino acids. Mutant strains produce the altered proteins shown below.Using the genetic code table provided:a) Describe the exact single base pair alteration that must have occurred in the DNA to give rise to each mutant protein.b) Name the kind of mutation it is.c) Show how it leads to the mutant protein.**Assumptions:**- All mutations in each strain are due to a single event involving one nucleotide.- Note: "**" in the table indicates a stop codon.**DNA and Protein Sequence:**Original DNA:5'-ATG|CAC|GTA|GGT|AAC|ACT|GAG|CCC|TGACC-3'3'-TAC|GTG|CAT|CCA|TTG|TGA|CTC|GGG|ACTGG-5'Amino Acids Sequence:Met His Val Gly Asn Thr Glu Pro STOP**Mutant Strains:**1) **Mutant D makes Met-His-Val-Gly-Asn-Thr** - Analyze the exact nucleotide change causing the mutation. 2) **Mutant E makes Met-His-Val-Arg** - Examine the nucleotide change and resulting protein alteration.

Any abrupt changes in the DNA sequence is called mutation. It may or may not change the proteins sequence. For example there could be many mutations possible - duplication, transition, transversion, point mutation frame shift mutation, synonyms mutation, non synonymus mutation etc1. In this mutant D, till threonine there was no mutation and after threonine was incorporated in the protein, a mutation was observed because no amino acids were up added after threonine. So this mutation was a nonsense mutation that is after the code that coded for threonine the next code was converted into a stop codon and this during protein synthesis protein stopped prematurely. DNA 3' CTC 5'm RNA 5' GAG 3'Coding for amino acid - threonine Mutant DNA - 3' ATC 5'mRNA - 5' UAG 'Coding for stop codon2. In this mutant till valine, there was no mutation and after valine was incorporated in the protein a mutation was observed as the next amino acid that is glycine was not inserted..In fact, in its place arginine was inserted. This occurred because of the point mutation which is the insertion of G in place of C in the very first place of the DNA code. When this mutant code was transcribed the RNA it coded for was not glycine but it happened to be the code for Arginine. This type of point mutation is called non synonymous mutation where a single nucleotide change can change the amino acid . DNA 3' CCG 5'mRNA - 5' GGC 3'Coding for the amino acid glycineMutant DNA 3' GCG 5'mRNA 5' CGC 3' Coding for the amino acid Arginine Nonsense mutationNonsynonymus point mutation