Researchers first discovered in 1973 that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS) were depleting the Earth'sozone layer when released into the atmosphere. Once they reach the stratosphere, CIis released from the CFCS molecules by interaction with UV light. Free Cl atoms areable to react with ozone in a catalytic cycle that converts Os3 into the more stable O2.It is estimated that a single Cl atom is able to react with_ 100000 O3 molecules.Although CFCS production was banned in 1996, there are still a substantial numberof motor vehicle air conditioners (MVACS) that use CFC-12 (CF2CI2) as refrigerant.The average CFC-12 emission rate from operating MVACS has been estimated tobe 59.5 mg per hour per vehicle (Zhang et al. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. 2017).How much chlorine, in kg, is added to the atmosphere in a year due to 100 millionMVACS using CFC-12 as refrigerant?

Given, the average emission rate from operating MVAC's is ----------- 59.5 mg / 1 vehicle per hour. How much chlorine in kg is added to the atmosphere in a year due to 100 million MVACs using CFC-12 as refrigerant?In one year the number of hours : In one year there are 365 days and a day has 24 hours. So, total there will be : 365 days ×24 hoursdays=8760 hours.Amount of chlorine added in a year due to 100 million MVACs using CFC-12 as refrigerant is: 1×108vehicles ×8760 hours ×59.5 mg1 hour×1 vehicle=521,220×108 mg Covert milligrams into kg: Since, 1 mg = 10-6 kg then, 521,220x108 mg= ? kg ⇒521220×108 mg×10-6kg1 mg=52,122,000 kg.Answer: 52,122,000 kg amount of chlorine is released into the atmosphere from 100 million MVACs in one year.

Science

Chemistry

Researchers first discovered in 1973 that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS) were depleting the Earth's ozone layer when released into the atmosphere. Once they reach the stratosphere, CI is released from the CFCS molecules by interaction with UV light. Free Cl atoms are able to react with ozone in a catalytic cycle that converts Os into the more stable O2. It is estimated that a single Cl atom is able to react with_ 100000 Os molecules. Although CFCS production was banned in 1996, there are still a substantial number of motor vehicle air conditioners (MVACS) that use CFC-12 (CF:Ch) as refrigerant. The average CFC-12 emission rate from operating MVACS has been estimated to be 59.5 mg per hour per vehicle (Zhang et al. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. 2017). How much chlorine, in kg, is added to the atmosphere in a year due to 100 million MVACS using CFC-12 as refrigerant?

Researchers first discovered in 1973 that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS) were depleting the Earth's ozone layer when released into the atmosphere. Once they reach the stratosphere, CI is released from the CFCS molecules by interaction with UV light. Free Cl atoms are able to react with ozone in a catalytic cycle that converts Os into the more stable O2. It is estimated that a single Cl atom is able to react with_ 100000 Os molecules. Although CFCS production was banned in 1996, there are still a substantial number of motor vehicle air conditioners (MVACS) that use CFC-12 (CF:Ch) as refrigerant. The average CFC-12 emission rate from operating MVACS has been estimated to be 59.5 mg per hour per vehicle (Zhang et al. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. 2017). How much chlorine, in kg, is added to the atmosphere in a year due to 100 million MVACS using CFC-12 as refrigerant?

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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