Researchers conduct a study to measure the risk of developing severe respiratorydisease amongst an at-risk population in a small factory town in northern California.They follow 2,000 people initially free of the severe respiratory disease of interestover a 5-year study period. At the end of the 5-year study period, they have thefollowing data:Year 1Year 2Year 3Year 4Year 5Got Severe Respiratory Lost to Follow-up Died of other causesDisease12250423762030150003423Still at Risk18781825178017241639Click here if you have trouble viewing the image.Assume that disease develops and that losses to follow-up and deaths all occur at theend of the specified time period (e.g. at the end of Year 1, at the end of Year 2, etc.)and that after initial infection, people are no longer at risk for getting sick again. Whatis the incidence rate of severe respiratory disease?

Given information: The data of severe respiratory disease at the end of 5-year study period is…

Answered: Researchers conduct a study to measure…

A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)

10th Edition

ISBN:9780134753119

Author:Sheldon Ross

Publisher:Sheldon Ross

Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P: a. How many different 7-place license plates are possible if the first 2 places are for letters and...

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Study 2: Pill Appearance and Perceived Pain. Does the shape or color of a pain pill influence its effectiveness? Although logically it shouldn’t, whether we believe a drug will work does have a powerful effect on our perceptions (e.g., placebo effect). In this experiment, 4 groups of adult patients were given the same amount of Advil after dental surgery for pain relief, but the color and shape of the pill varied. Researchers hypothesized that an unusual shape or color would lead people to believe the pills were new and special and thus would expect them to be more effective than common round, white pills. Researchers also wanted to know if there is an interaction between shape and color Data Labels ShapePill {1=Round; 2=Diamond} ColorPill {1=White; 2=BlueGreen} Gender {0=Woman; 1=Man; 2=Nonbinary person) Descriptions of the Variables and Descriptive Statistics: Referring to the JASP output, and using sentences, present the descriptive statistics of each group: for example:…
A new screening test for Lyme disease is developed for use in the general population. The sensitivity and specificity of the new test are 60% and 70%, respectively. Five hundred people are screened at a clinic during the first year the new test is implemented. Assume the true prevalence of Lyme disease among clinic attendees is 10%. Calculate the predictive value of a positive test.
Early life corresponds to the first bacterial colonization of the digestive tract, creating a microbiome thought to play an important role in human development. What might be the effect of early exposure to antibiotics on children's development? One study followed 11,532 full-term babies all born in the county of Avon, United Kingdom, during 1991 and 1992. Exposures to antibiotics during infancy were recorded, along with measures of body mass at regular intervals over several years. The researchers found that antibiotic exposure during the first six months of life was associated with increased body mass later in childhood.
Read the journal excerpt below:Exposure to light at night suppresses the physiologic production of melatonin, a hormone that has antiproliferative effects on intestinal cancers. Although observational studies have associated night-shift work with an increased risk of breast cancer, the effect of night-shift work on the risk of other cancers is not known. We examined the relationship between working rotating night shifts and the risk of colorectal cancers among female participants in the Nurses’ Health Study. We documented 602 incident cases of colorectal cancer among 78 586 women who were followed up from 1988 through 1998. Compared with women who never worked rotating night shifts, women who worked 15 years or more on rotating night shifts were 1.35 times more likely to develop colorectal cancer (95% CI = 1.03 to 1.77), adjusting for confounders. These data suggest that working a rotating night shift at least three nights per month for 15 or more years may increase the risk of…
The mango is considered the "king of fruits" in many parts of the world. Mangoes are generally harvested at the mature green stage and ripen up during the marketing process of transport, storage, and so on. During this process, about 30% of the fruit is wasted. Because of this, the impact of harvest stage and storage conditions on the postharvest quality are of interest. In this experiment, the fruit was harvested at 80, 95, or 110 days after the fruit setting (the transition from flower to fruit) and then stored at temperatures of 20∘C, 30∘C, or 40∘C. For each harvest time and storage temperature, a random sample of mangoes was selected, and the time to ripening was measured. What are the factors, the treatments, and the response variables? Take each item from the answer bank and place into the appropriate category.
In a population-based cohort study, an entire community was interviewed regarding smoking habits and then followed for one year. Upon ascertainment of all lung cancer deaths, the investigator obtained the following data: Number of Individuals Lung Cancer Deaths Smokers 24,500 15 Nonsmokers 10,500 2 Calculate the risk difference per 100,000 per year. Round to the tenth decima
Provide two examples of the following: d. Collecting data from a Published source Collecting data from a Designed experiment Collecting data from an Observational study (e.g., a survey е. f.
Peter Boag, studied the inheritance of beak depth in Galapagos finches by looking at the relationship between parent beak depth (in mm) and that of their offspring. He collected two sets of parent offspring data, once in 1976 and again in 1978. For both years he followed birds to determine which pairs belonged to which nests. Most of the parents had been previously captured so their beak depths were known. He then captured the offspring when they fledged and measured their beak depth. He calculated the "midparent" beak depth (the average beak depth of the two parents) and then compared that to beak depth of their offspring. Use regression analysis to estimate heritability for the trait beak depth from the Galapagos finches data in the above table.
Find A= %b= %c= %d= %
toto In physiology, an objective measure of aerobic fitness is how efficiently the body can absorb and use oxygen (oxygen consumption). A physiologist, Dr. Castillejo, conducted a research wherein subjects participated in a predetermined exercise run of 1.5 miles. Measurements of oxygen consumption as well as several other variables such as age, gender, runtime, resting and maximum pulse rates, and weight were recorded from 50 randomly selected gym members. Dr. Castillejo is interested in determining whether any of these other variables can help predict oxygen consumption. She believes that a possible link between these factors will help her determine how to improve the health of her gym members. Help Dr. Castillejo in developing a proposal for the improvement of her gym members' health condition. The variables are described below. gender- either male or female runtime-time to run 1.5 miles (in min) age - age of the gym member in years weight-weight of the gym member (in kg) oxygen…
1 (part 1). Does When Food Is Eaten Affect Weight Gain?A study was introduced that examined the effect of light at night on weight gain in mice. In the full study of 27 mice over a four-week period, the mice who had a light on at night gained signiﬁcantly more weight than the mice with darkness at night, despite eating the same number of calories and exercising the same amount. Researchers noticed that the mice with light at night ate a greater percentage of their calories during the day (when mice are supposed to be sleeping). The computer output shown below allows us to examine the relationship between percent of calories eaten during the day, DayPct, and body mass gain in grams, BMGain. A scatterplot with regression line is also shown below (attached image).Pearson correlation of BMGain and DayPct =0.740P-Value =0.000--------------------------------------------------------------The regression equation isBMGain=1.11+0.127DayPct Predictor Coef SE Coef T P Constant 1.113 1.382…
A psychologist believes that the age of an adolescent will have an impact on the number of phone calls made to the opposite sex (in heterosexual people) over the course of one month. They also suspect that gender of the adolescent will have an impact on the number of phone calls made to the opposite sex. Using the hypothetical data provided below, run your analyses in R to test whether age and gender impacts the number of phone calls an adolescent makes. Gender (Binary) Girl Boy Age Young Adolescents (11-14) 7, 2, 3, 5, 3 1, 2, 3, 2, 1 Older Adolescents (15-18) 15, 26, 19, 21, 18 10, 8, 5, 16, 9 ( What kind of statistical analysis do you need to use and why? State the null and alternative hypotheses. Check your assumptions. Include screenshots of your R output and explain why each of them are or are not met. Using R, run your analysis and include a screenshot. Using R, run post-hoc tests and include a screenshot. What do you…

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