Researchers believed that floral scent can sometimes improve a person's learning ability. They set up an experiment in which each of 22 subjects completed sets of pencil-and-paper mazes. Each subject wore a floral-scented mask and an unscented mask, where the order in which the masks were presented was random. The researchers measured the time to complete the sets of mazes. This experimental design is: a matched pairs design.
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- Two different labs, Rodent Racers and Squeeky Labs, measured the time for mice to complete a maze. The results are summarized in the following two boxplots. Squeeky Labs 8 15 20 25 28 Rodent Racers + -5 15 20 20 10 15 25 28 20 25 Completion Time (a) Which lab contained more mice? Rodent Racers Squeeky Labs Not enough information to tell. 30 30 (b) Which lab had the smallest completion time? Rodent Racers Squeeky Labs Not enough information to tell. + 30 30 (c) According to range, which lab had the smallest variation (smallest spread) in completion time? Rodent Racers Squeeky Labs Not enough information to tell.Hypnosis. A sample of 100 people was separated into children and adults. The members of each group were randomly assigned to two different hypnosis exercises. The responses of each person were recorded at the completion of the experimentIt is claimed that a vitamin supplement helps mice learn to run a maze more quickly and, in fact, to beat a non-treated mouse 70% of the time (whereas without the supplement, it would only win half of the time). To test this claim, you divide a group of 20 mice randomly into ten pairs, giving one of each pair the vitamin supplement. You run each pair through the maze and find that seven out of ten of the mice treated with the vitamin supplement beat the untreated mice. a) What is the probability of obtaining this result if the claim is true? b) What is the probability of obtaining this result if the claim is false (i.e., the supplement has no effect)? c) Suppose before you ran this experiment, you thought it was equally likely that the claim was true or false. After running the experiment, what is your belief? What is the updated probability?
- A basketball coach is interested in determining if shooting free throws underhand is better than shooting them using the overhead method. He has four high school teams (two boys' teams and two girls' teams, with 13 players on each team) available to take part in an experiment. He believes that the difference in shooting percentages will vary more for boys than for girls. He randomly chooses and instructs half of the boys to continue shooting free throws overhead and the rest of the boys to shoot underhand. He does the same for the girls. At the end of a six-game summer league, he compares the shooting percentages for the overhead shooting boys to the underhand shooting boys and the overhead shooting girls to the underhand shooting girls. (a) What is the advantage of using a block design for this study? O Blocking by gender will reduce the variation in the response variable by creating homogeneous groups and determining the effect of the new shooting style on the response (percentage of…Itranscript One male and one female dam rat pup were randomly selected from 8 litters to perform the swim maze. Each pup was placed in the water at one end of the maze and allowed to swim until it escaped at the opposite end. If the pup failed to escape after a certain period of time, it was placed at the beginning of the maze and given another chance. The experiment was repeated until each pup accomplished three successful escapes. The table to the right reports the number of swims required by each pup. Is there sufficient evidence of a difference between the mean number of swims required by male and female pups? Use a=0.01. Comment on the assumptions required for the test to be valid. B. t> Litter 1 2 3 OC. t 10 12 Female 11 [6526675 10Many golfers wear wrist bracelets containing magnets because they claim the magnets improve balance and the length of shots played off the tee. A golfer would like to determine if the claim has merit and finds 200 volunteers who play golf to participate in an experiment. Half of the golfers are randomly assigned to wear a bracelet with magnets, while the other half wear a bracelet without magnets. Each golfer plays normally for a month, after which the length of their shots in a subsequent round is recorded. What is the response variable in this experiment? the age of each golfer the 200 volunteers the length of shots played by the golfers whether the golfers wear or do not wear the bracelet
- What research method is being used? A Is it observation B participant observation C interview D survey E experimentA consumer researcher gave consumers a sample shampoo. After using the shampoo, each consumer used an interval-level scale to rate his or her satisfaction with it. Scores could range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction. Consumers didn’t know each other and were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) receive a store brand of shampoo in a bottle clearly labeled as such, (2) receive a premium brand of shampoo in the premium brand’s bottle, or (3) receive a store brand of shampoo in the premium brand’s bottle. Here are the collected data: Store brand, store bottle Premium brand, premium bottle Store brand, premium bottle 70 85 85 65 90 80 65 95 90 60 90 85 M = 65s = 4.08 M = 90s = 4.08 M = 85s = 4.08 SSbetween = 1400 e. Report results (Table and APA)f. What do these results mean?Diana tested the effect of number of items on short-term memory in dolphins. She randomly presented visual arrays with 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21 items for five minutes. She asked 3 dolphins to remember the items. She then presented a new array with old and new items. The dolphins responded by touching the items with their tails. She hypothesized that Dolphins could remember 3 items accurately, but not more than that. How many pairwise comparisons should she do according to the recommended guideline?
- Determining whether two samples are independent or paired a... Charmaine has two ways to travel from her home in Norco to her office in Los Angeles. One is to go via the San Bernardino Freeway, and the other is to go via the Pomona Freeway. Recently, a lane was added to the San Bernardino Freeway. So, Charmaine wants to determine if it is now faster to take the San Bernardino Freeway than the Pomona Freeway. She selected a random sample of 12 of her trips via the San Bernardino Freeway and a random sample of 12 of her trips via the Pomona Freeway. The two samples were chosen separately, so that the selection of the trips via the San Bernardino Freeway did not affect the selection of the trips via the Pomona Freeway. Charmaine recorded the travel times (in minutes) for the trips in each of the two samples. The following table gives the data, sample means, and sample standard deviations. S.B. Fwy 79, 76, 66, 69, 71, 75, 67, 75, 65, 60, 76, 74 Pomona Fwy 63, 76, 79, 78, 74, 71, 65, 75,…1. For her botany class project, Jennifer wonders if there is a connection between the average weight of watermelons a vine produces and the root depth of the vine. Jennifer suspects that vines with deeper roots have a better water supply and produce larger melons. From a large watermelon field, 10 vines are chosen at random. At the end of 8 weeks, the watermelons are removed from each vine and the average weight of the watermelons from each vine is determined. Each plant is carefully dug up and its root depth (or length) is measure. Let x represent the root depth (to the nearest inch) and y be the mean weight of the watermelons on the vine (in pounds). Suppose that x = 17, s, = 6, y = 12, s, = 5.1, and r = = 0.93. a. Find the equation of the least squares regression line (round a and b to the nearest tenth). b. List 2 points that you know will be on the least-squares line you found in part a. c. What percent of variation is accounted for by a linear relationship? d. Using part a.,…A researcher conducted a study to determine whether a new type of phys- ical therapy would help people recovering from knee injuries. The study included 10 patients, and 5 physical therapists. The researcher decided to conduct the experiment using a matched pairs design, as follows: Two patients were (randomly) assigned to each physical therapist. Then, one of the two patients was randomly chosen to receive the new treatment, while the other received the old treatment. After one week, the researcher measured each patient’s improvement in range of motion (ROM), in degrees (◦). (a) Describe the benefit of conducting a matched pairs experiment in this way. (b) The table/image attached to this question shows the data obtained from this experiment: By hand, carry out a t-test to see if the mean difference in ROM improvements between the two treatments (New minus Old) is greater than zero.
