Question #9 In the kidney the malate:aspartate shuttle is the only system that transports the electrons (reducingequivalents) held on by cytosolic NADH into the mitochondria. The compound n-butylmalonate completely inhibits themalate:aspartate shuttle. In an experiment n-butylmalonate is added to an aerobic suspension of kidney cells that areusing glucose as their sole source of fuel. Predict the effect of the inhibitor on the following. Make sure to provide a briefexplanation.9A Lactate formation.9B Oxygen consumption by the cells9C The total amount of ATP produced for each glucose molecule

The main function of the malate aspartate shuttle is to perform the transportation of reducing…

Answered: Question #9 In the kidney the…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Question 29 Which enzymes produce 2 ATP's for every glucose? hexokinase O phosphoglyceromutase O Triose phosphate dehydrogenase O phosphofructokinase O pyruvate kinase
Question 1: In some microorganisms, carbon fixation occurs by reversal of the citric acid cycle. This reversal is accomplished in part by the use of a strong reductant (ferredoxin) to drive the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase reaction in the reductive direction. Part a: ΔG°‘ for reaction as it occurs in the ‘normal’ (oxidative) citric acid cycle is -30.1 kJ/mol. The standard reduction potential for NADH is -0.32 V. In order to drive the reaction in the reverse direction, the reductant (a ferredoxin) must have a lower reduction potential than NADH/NAD+. Remembering that this is a two-electron reduction, and using the numbers given just above, compute the value of the ferredoxin reduction potential that would be needed to make the standard free energy zero (so that the reductive reaction is enegetically just as favorable as the oxidative reaction). Assume that all of the other reactants are the same in the reductive as in the oxidative reaction. Write out the steps in your calculation;…
Question 1: Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle both add a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP through the process known as: Answer: Question 2: Cellular respiration is an example of: (pick one) a catabolic and endergonic reaction an anabolic and exergonic reaction an anabolic and endergonic reaction a catabolic and exergonic reaction Question 3: At the end of cellular respiration, about how many ATP molecules have been produced? (pick one) 2 ATP per glucose 12 ATP per glucose 24 ATP per glucose 32 ATP per glucose Question 4: What serves as the final electron acceptor in the transport chain? Answer: Question 5: The 4-carbon molecule that is recycled during the citric acid cycle is: (pick one) oxalacetate ADP acetyl CoA RuBP Question 6. The enzyme used to synthesize ATP during chemiosmosis is known as Answer: Question 7: Most of the carbon dioxide produced by the catabolism of glucose is…
QUESTION 37 Key enzymes in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle are allosterically regulated. Which of the following is FALSE? O a. The main control point of glycolysis is the enzyme phosphofructokinase. Ob. The main control point in the citric acid cycle is isocitrate dehydrogenase Oc. Isocitrate dehydrogenase is inhibited by ATP or NADH. O d. Phosphofructokinase is activated by citrate and ATP. Oe. If ATP levels are high and the citric acid cycle shuts down, acetyl CoA is diverted to the synthesis of fatty acids for storage lick Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers. S # 20 F3 $ F4 % L5 MacBook Pro
Question 11 Which reaction in glycolysis produces NADH? O oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate O oxidation of 1,3-biphosphoglycerate isomerization of glucose 6-phosphate O cleavage of glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate O phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate
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Question #2: Consider the following data for Cell G run in 1 L chemostat, with a feed containing 30 g/L substrate: Feedrate (ml/hr) (c) Calculate 27.5 24.2 22.1 18.8 Steady State Cell Mass Concentration (g/L) 12.0 14.7 15.8 16.7 Steady State Substrate Concentration (g/L) 10.0 5.56 (d) Using the calculated kinetic parameters, 3.70 (a) Determine the kinetic parameters for growth (b) At each dilution rate, calculate Yx/s. Is it constant with dilution rate and substrate concentration? 2.23 (i) the critical dilution rate, D. (ii) the dilution rate corresponding to maximum productivity, Dm (iii) the maximum cell productivity (cells/L/hr) (i) Generate a plot of X and S vs D for a feed concentration of 25 g/L. (ii) What is the critical dilution rate for this condition? (iii) What is the dilution rate corresponding to maximum productivity at this condition? (iv) What is the maximum cell productivity at this condition? (v) For a reactor operating at this maximum productivity, what would be the…
Question 21. What is the effect of added succinate to rotenone-blocked, amytal-blocked, or cyanide blocked mitochondria? In other words, can succinate help "bypass" the block? Explain.
Question #15 Which of the following transporters we discussed in this part of the course transports a phosphorylated metabolite? A) The GLUT transporter in liver cells B) The pyruvate transporter involved in the first gluconeogenesis bypass in mitochondria C) Glucose 6-phosphatase D) The G6-P transporter (also known as T1) in liver cells E) The malate transporters involved in the first gluconeogenesis bypass in mitochondria Question # 16: Which of the follou ells to mair
Question 6 Review Concept 8.4 Enzymes. Match the term and its description. Each term can only be used once. These are nonprotein enzyme helpers. [ Choose) These inhibitors bind to the active site of an enzyme, [ Choose ) competing with the substrate to decrease reaction > >

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