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The hormone cortisol causes activation of pathways that under normal conditions 4. are not active at the same time. Cortisol increases muscle breakdown for the purpose of converting amino acids into energy storage. One way this is done is by using gluconeogenesis to convert the carbon from amino acids into glucose-6-phosphate, which is then stored as glycogen. Consider a situation where valine from the breakdown of muscle protein was used by the liver as the starting amino acid for storage of glucose as glycogen. Valine is metabolized to succinyl CoA according to the following route: NH3* valine COA 01 COO CO₂ NH4+ L NAD+ NADH H+ ATP CO₂ COA ADP + P₁ COA COO COO COO COA CO₂ NAD+ NADH H+ NADH NAD+ H+ - HO COA CoA COO succinyl COA FAD FADH₂ GTP GDP HO P₁ COO r CoA H₂O COA How many molecules of valine would be required for each glucose residue stored as glycogen? Use a table similar to what you have seen for these types of problems to determine the number of NADH, FADH2, and ATP produced or consumed in the conversion of valine to a residue of glucose in glycogen. You should include the following steps: Val to succinyl CoA, part of the citric acid cycle (look for the common intermediate of the citric acid cycle and gluconeogenesis), gluconeogenesis to glucose-6-phosphate. The conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to a residue of glucose in glycogen requires one ATP equivalent. If all excess NADH and FADH₂ that are produced are converted to ATP by electron transport using typical ATP yields, what is the net use or production of ATP for the addition of one residue of glucose (made from valine) into glycogen?

The hormone cortisol causes activation of pathways that under normal conditions 4. are not active at the same time. Cortisol increases muscle breakdown for the purpose of converting amino acids into energy storage. One way this is done is by using gluconeogenesis to convert the carbon from amino acids into glucose-6-phosphate, which is then stored as glycogen. Consider a situation where valine from the breakdown of muscle protein was used by the liver as the starting amino acid for storage of glucose as glycogen. Valine is metabolized to succinyl CoA according to the following route: NH3* valine COA 01 COO CO₂ NH4+ L NAD+ NADH H+ ATP CO₂ COA ADP + P₁ COA COO COO COO COA CO₂ NAD+ NADH H+ NADH NAD+ H+ - HO COA CoA COO succinyl COA FAD FADH₂ GTP GDP HO P₁ COO r CoA H₂O COA How many molecules of valine would be required for each glucose residue stored as glycogen? Use a table similar to what you have seen for these types of problems to determine the number of NADH, FADH2, and ATP produced or consumed in the conversion of valine to a residue of glucose in glycogen. You should include the following steps: Val to succinyl CoA, part of the citric acid cycle (look for the common intermediate of the citric acid cycle and gluconeogenesis), gluconeogenesis to glucose-6-phosphate. The conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to a residue of glucose in glycogen requires one ATP equivalent. If all excess NADH and FADH₂ that are produced are converted to ATP by electron transport using typical ATP yields, what is the net use or production of ATP for the addition of one residue of glucose (made from valine) into glycogen?

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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The hormone cortisol causes activation of pathways that under normal conditions 4. are not active at the same time. Cortisol increases muscle breakdown for the purpose of converting amino acids into energy storage. One way this is done is by using gluconeogenesis to convert the carbon from amino acids into glucose-6-phosphate, which is then stored as glycogen. Consider a situation where valine from the breakdown of muscle protein was used by the liver as the starting amino acid for storage of glucose as glycogen. Valine is metabolized to succinyl CoA according to the following route: NH3 valine COO i COA CO₂ ATP NH4+ → NAD NADH H+ CO₂ COA ADP + P₁ H COA O COO COO COO COA CO₂ X NAD NADH H+ મોંઘ NADH NAD+ H+ de COA HO COA COO succinyl COA FAD FADH₂ GTP GDP HO P₁ COO r COA H₂O CoA How many molecules of valine would be required for each glucose residue stored as glycogen? Use a table similar to what you have seen for these types of problems to determine the number of NADH, FADH2, and ATP produced or consumed in the conversion of valine to a residue of glucose in glycogen. You should include the following steps: Val to succinyl CoA, part of the citric acid cycle (look for the common intermediate of the citric acid cycle and gluconeogenesis), gluconeogenesis to glucose-6-phosphate. The conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to a residue of glucose in glycogen requires one ATP equivalent. If all excess NADH and FADH2 that are produced are converted to ATP by electron transport using typical ATP yields, what is the net use or production of ATP for the addition of one residue of glucose (made from valine) into glycogen?
Transcribed Image Text:The hormone cortisol causes activation of pathways that under normal conditions 4. are not active at the same time. Cortisol increases muscle breakdown for the purpose of converting amino acids into energy storage. One way this is done is by using gluconeogenesis to convert the carbon from amino acids into glucose-6-phosphate, which is then stored as glycogen. Consider a situation where valine from the breakdown of muscle protein was used by the liver as the starting amino acid for storage of glucose as glycogen. Valine is metabolized to succinyl CoA according to the following route: NH3 valine COO i COA CO₂ ATP NH4+ → NAD NADH H+ CO₂ COA ADP + P₁ H COA O COO COO COO COA CO₂ X NAD NADH H+ મોંઘ NADH NAD+ H+ de COA HO COA COO succinyl COA FAD FADH₂ GTP GDP HO P₁ COO r COA H₂O CoA How many molecules of valine would be required for each glucose residue stored as glycogen? Use a table similar to what you have seen for these types of problems to determine the number of NADH, FADH2, and ATP produced or consumed in the conversion of valine to a residue of glucose in glycogen. You should include the following steps: Val to succinyl CoA, part of the citric acid cycle (look for the common intermediate of the citric acid cycle and gluconeogenesis), gluconeogenesis to glucose-6-phosphate. The conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to a residue of glucose in glycogen requires one ATP equivalent. If all excess NADH and FADH2 that are produced are converted to ATP by electron transport using typical ATP yields, what is the net use or production of ATP for the addition of one residue of glucose (made from valine) into glycogen?
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