Question 22 The genome of SARS-COV2, which causes COVID-19, is a A single standed DNA B single stranded RNA double stranded RNA D double stranded DNA Question 23 The smooth endoplasmic reticulum does the following except to synthesize lipids B to detoxify poison to carry out translation to metabolize carbohydrates E to store calcium Question 24 Which cannot be used to differentiate prokaryotic from eukaryotic organisms? A Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles B Prokaryotic DNA is usually circular while eukaryotic DNA is linear and packaged into chromosomes Eukarvotic transcription includes post-processing of MRNA

Q: Question 41 Promoters for RNA pol I O contain a TATA box contain an upstream control element (UCE)…

A: The transcription is a process in which the RNA molecule is produced from the DNA. The transcription…

Q: Exchange of genetic material in ciliates is known as O panmixis O macronucleosis O myxomycetosis O…

A: Single cell organisms mostly exhibit asexual reproduction. But sexual reproduction is also seen in…

Q: Which two arrows and/or t-bars are accomplished through transcription (and translation)? no DNA…

A: Transcription is the process by which RNA is copied from DNA and in Translation is RNA is converted…

Q: studies both the gene transcription and translation products and its modified form of proteins O…

A: Transcription and translation are part of central dogma which ultimate leads to  production of…

Q: Below are steps in the evolution/emergence of VCJD. From the choices below, choose the correct…

A: vCJD stands for variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease. It is also known as human mad cow disease or the…

Q: missense mutation: D Adds a base OProduces a different amino acid O Deletes a base O Causes a…

A: The mutation is the change in the original nucleotide sequence of DNA resulting in the change in…

Q: Bacteria defend against phages by Natural selection favors mutation can not be recognized by virus.…

A: Bacteriophage is the virus which attacks the bacteria  Structure of bacteriophage -- Head --…

Q: QUESTION 2  2.1 Recombinant plasmids are often used to produce therapeutic proteins. Elaborate on…

A: 2.1To generate a recombinant plasmid that can be used in future to express a therapeutic protein of…

Q: on The TATA box in the promoter region of prokaryotic cells helps the RNA polymerase to bind…

A: True.

Q: You want to perform PCR on the CDNA of the spike gene from a SARS CoV-2 sample so that you can…

A: PCR stands for polymerase chain reaction. It is used to amplify the gene of internet because forward…

Q: QUESTION 1 The relative amounts of each nucleotide base are tabulated below for four different…

A: Virus I:Single-stranded DNAVirus II:Single-stranded RNAVirus III:Double-stranded RNAVirus…

Q: Where are the RNA components of a eukaryotic cell synthesized?

A: A eukaryote is an organism that belongs to the domain Eukarya, one of the three domains of life,…

Q: Question 24 Tryptophan-repressor complex binds to operator O Gene is switched ON Gene is switched…

A: Tryptophan operon is a biosynthetic process in Ecoli in which group of genes that is associated with…

Q: Upstream binding factor (UBF)

A: Question 26.     There are some nucleotide sequences in the promoter regions of DNA called TATA…

Q: QUESTION 3 Frederick Griffith observed DNA contains nitrogen and phosphorus Proteases disrupt…

A: Griffith in his experiment observed that  non virulent rough strain when mixed with heat killed…

Q: The presence of lactose in E.coli triggers the transcription of Lactose Operon. O True O False

A: Operons can be defined as the gene regulatory system present in a prokaryotic organism. Operons…

Q: Below is a portion of a bacterial chromosome that contains a gene. The promoter region and the +1…

A: Nucleic acid is a macromolecule that is exhibited inside the nucleus . It consists of DNA and RNA…

Q: Question 17      3′ CCA addition to tRNAs is necessary to ensure:   Question 17 options:   correct…

A: Question 17:   The 3′ CCA addition to tRNAs is necessary to ensure that they have correct…

Q: Review classes of animal viruses. HIV belongs to O sRNA: serves as template for DNA synthesis. O…

A: The viruses can be of different types according to their genetic material. The RNA viruses can be…

Q: Question 17 In the initial transcribing complex O DNA is double stranded O short abortive…

A: Transcription is the mechanism of copying a gene's DNA sequence to create an RNA molecule. The major…

Q: QUESTION 46 Vancomycin and B-lactam antibiotics are similar in what way? OA. They both prevent…

A: Vancomycin and Beta-lactam are two classes of antibiotics that are used to treat bacterial…

Q: Why do bacteria form endospores? O Endospores are formed to increase the surface are of the cell to…

A: Endospores are thick walled structures formed by genus Bacillus and Clostridium.

Q: Small nuclear RNAS are essential components of spliceosomes. O True O False

A: Small nuclear RNA is a class of small RNA molecules (approximately 150 nucleotides) that are found…

Q: Question 12 of 13 DNA A-5 GGG GCT AGC CCC 3 ONA B-3 ATA TAT ATA TCC S ONA C-5 TAC GTT ACG TCG 3 DNA…

A: DNA is a double stranded molecule with Adenine Guanine Cytosine and Thymine as nitrogen bases bonded…

Q: Lysogeny: happens when phage DNA is incorporated into the host cell genome happens when the burst…

A: Bacteriophage is a virus which infects bacterias. When they enters the bacterial cell they either…

Q: Lysogenic cells have phages that are: A actively synthesizing viral proteins B biosynthesizing only…

A: Phage viruses are viruses that infect the cells of microorganisms. On the basis of their host these…

Q: Which of the following methods can be used to compare the amounts of one specific mRNA that is…

A: A. Immunohistochemistry  Deals with the measurement/determination of the distribution of an antigen…

Q: Question #3: CRISPR has been used to cure an individual from sickle cell. Below is a Sanger…

A: CRISPR/Cas9 technology is used to edits genes by precisely cutting DNA and then letting natural DNA…

Q: QUESTION 20 Which of the following polymerases is found in the nucleolus? O A. DNA polymerase III O…

A: Polymerase enzyme is responsible for the process of polymerizing the monomers into polymers.

Q: The Human Papilloma Virus is associated with cervical cancer because it is found only in womor

A: Human papillomavirus The human papillomavirus or HPV is a sexually transmitted infection(STI). The…

Q: The two large subunits of the E. coli RNA polymerase are called B and B' are related to the large…

A: Ribosomes are tiny particles made up of RNA and associated proteins that are responsible for protein…

Q: One of the termination mechanisms in bacteria utilizes the_factor that is an ATP-dependent helicase.…

A: Prokaryotes like bacteria uses a prokaryotic protein in the termination of transcription. It is an…

Q: Synthesized proteins are processed either inside the organelles or in the cytoplasm True False…

A: The proteins are constituted of twenty naturally occurring amino acids that are linked via peptide…

Q: RNaseP O processes the 5' end of tRNAS contains an RNA component O both a and b O none of the above

A: A ribonuclease is an enzyme that cleaves ribonucleic acid (RNA). RNA is a single stranded structure…

Q: HIV is a retrovirus that has a few essential enzymes. One enzyme is O glycoproteins which are…

A: 2.) protease which aids in the attachment of the enveloped HIV onto body cells.

Q: A scientist would like to overexpress a lysosomal acid hydrolase in a cultured cell line as a way to…

A: Lysosomes are organelles found in the cytoplasm. It contains numerous hydrolases that are crucial…

Q: Produce the complimentary DNA strand that would be matched with the provided strand T--A C--G C --G…

A: A complementary strand of DNA is constructed based on base complementarity.  Complementarity is…

Proteins

We generally tend to think of proteins only from a dietary lens, as a component of what we eat. However, they are among the most important and abundant organic macromolecules in the human body, with diverse structures and functions. Every cell contains thousands and thousands of proteins, each with specific functions. Some help in the formation of cellular membrane or walls, some help the cell to move, others act as messages or signals and flow seamlessly from one cell to another, carrying information.  

Protein Expression

The method by which living organisms synthesize proteins and further modify and regulate them is called protein expression. Protein expression plays a significant role in several types of research and is highly utilized in molecular biology, biochemistry, and protein research laboratories.