Question 22 The genome of SARS-COV2, which causes COVID-19, is a A single standed DNA B single stranded RNA double stranded RNA D double stranded DNA Question 23 The smooth endoplasmic reticulum does the following except to synthesize lipids B to detoxify poison to carry out translation to metabolize carbohydrates E to store calcium Question 24 Which cannot be used to differentiate prokaryotic from eukaryotic organisms? A Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles B Prokaryotic DNA is usually circular while eukaryotic DNA is linear and packaged into chromosomes Eukarvotic transcription includes post-processing of MRNA

Q: In trans splicing O two introns from different transcripts are brought together two exons from the…

A: Answer: SPLICING = It is the cutting or removal of introns from the mRNA transcript and joins the…

Q: Question 41 Promoters for RNA pol I O contain a TATA box contain an upstream control element (UCE)…

A: The transcription is a process in which the RNA molecule is produced from the DNA. The transcription…

Q: QUESTION distone modifying enzymes can be over- or under-expressed in a variety of human diseases…

A: “Since you’ve asked multiple questions, we are solving the first question (Question 6) for you.”…

Q: Question 6 The movement of the ribosome from one codon to the next is called Blank 1 Blank 1 Add…

A: Translocation Types: Intra-chromosomal (internal) translocation or shift: A chromosome segment is…

Q: Question 1: Translate the mRNA codon AGC a) Transcribe the DNA sequence AGC TAC CAG into mRNA…

A: The process of complementary RNA (ribonucleic acid) molecule synthesis from a DNA (deoxyribonucleic…

Q: Question 4 A protein spike of a virus has been identified as an important characteristic of the…

A: Given: The spike protein of a virus has been identified as an important characteristics of virus and…

Q: Which two arrows and/or t-bars are accomplished through transcription (and translation)? no DNA…

A: Transcription is the process by which RNA is copied from DNA and in Translation is RNA is converted…

Q: studies both the gene transcription and translation products and its modified form of proteins O…

A: Transcription and translation are part of central dogma which ultimate leads to  production of…

Q: Below are steps in the evolution/emergence of VCJD. From the choices below, choose the correct…

A: vCJD stands for variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease. It is also known as human mad cow disease or the…

Q: missense mutation: D Adds a base OProduces a different amino acid O Deletes a base O Causes a…

A: The mutation is the change in the original nucleotide sequence of DNA resulting in the change in…

Q: Plasmids are found

A: Answer 2  is Option A is correct. Plasmids are naturally occurring circular, extrachromosomal,…

Q: QUESTION 2  2.1 Recombinant plasmids are often used to produce therapeutic proteins. Elaborate on…

A: 2.1To generate a recombinant plasmid that can be used in future to express a therapeutic protein of…

Q: If the nonsense mutation is in the last exon of the mRNA, the result would be:

A: Exons are sections of an RNA transcript, that code for a protein. Exons are separated by non-coding…

Q: Okazaki fragments O are short DNA fragments are intermediates in DNA replication begin with a short…

A: Okazaki fragments are a short sequence of DNA nucleotides.   The answer is given in step 2.

Q: on The TATA box in the promoter region of prokaryotic cells helps the RNA polymerase to bind…

A: True.

Q: You want to perform PCR on the CDNA of the spike gene from a SARS CoV-2 sample so that you can…

A: PCR stands for polymerase chain reaction. It is used to amplify the gene of internet because forward…

Q: Most have well defined 3' ends terminating in poly(A) tails of - 200 nt. A prokaryotic mRNAs B…

A: The 3' ends of RNA transcripts synthesised by RNA polymerase II are produced bynthe endolytic…

Q: Where are the RNA components of a eukaryotic cell synthesized?

A: A eukaryote is an organism that belongs to the domain Eukarya, one of the three domains of life,…

Q: QUESTION 34 Which of the following is NOT a product of gene expression? O DNA O FRNA protein O MRNA…

A: All the genetic information of an organism is stored in the DNA and RNA molecule. The information…

Q: Question 32 Base pairing between the codon and the anticodon is O antiparallel complementary both a…

A: Codon  Codon is a trinucleotide DNA sequence code for amino acid.

Q: Upstream binding factor (UBF)

A: Question 26.     There are some nucleotide sequences in the promoter regions of DNA called TATA…

Q: B.1.351 is a variant of SARS-CoV-2. It has the amino acid substitution N501Y in the spike protein on…

A: The aromatic amino acids like Tyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine absorb ultraviolet light. The…

Q: Question 9 Which of the following is the missing link between DNA and Proteins according to the…

A: Central dogma  Central dogma a pictorial representation of genetic material which tells us how a…

Q: Question 22 During RNA chain elongation gyrase proceeds ahead of the transcription bubble in order…

A: DNA gyrase does the indispensable job of catalyzing the ATP dependent negative supercoiling of…

Q: Below is a portion of a bacterial chromosome that contains a gene. The promoter region and the +1…

A: Nucleic acid is a macromolecule that is exhibited inside the nucleus . It consists of DNA and RNA…

Q: Question 17      3′ CCA addition to tRNAs is necessary to ensure:   Question 17 options:   correct…

A: Question 17:   The 3′ CCA addition to tRNAs is necessary to ensure that they have correct…

Q: QUESTION 12 Which of the following is NOT a step in the formation of LTRS? A. Binding of a tRNA…

A: Introduction LTR is A polynucleotide sequence found at each end of an integrated retrovirus genome…

Q: The subunit in E. coli RNA polymerase which is required for recognition of the promoter sequence is…

A: Transcription is a process by which an RNA copy of the DNA is made. It is an important step in gene…

Q: The portion in the TRNA that is complementary with the MRNA when the aminoacyl-tRNA reaches the A…

A: An anticodon is a trinucleotide sequence located at one end of a t RNA  molecule, which is…

Q: Question 17 In the initial transcribing complex O DNA is double stranded O short abortive…

A: Transcription is the mechanism of copying a gene's DNA sequence to create an RNA molecule. The major…

Q: Question 22 Which is not a structural motif for DNA binding? αβα motif Zn Finger leucine zipper…

A: Proteins are true polymers, which are composed of amino acid units. Proteins have four levels of…

Q: Why do bacteria form endospores? O Endospores are formed to increase the surface are of the cell to…

A: Endospores are thick walled structures formed by genus Bacillus and Clostridium.

Q: Exons are removed during mRNA splicing. O True O False

A: The statement is absolutely false .

Q: Question 1 Capping a pre-MRNA transcript and adding poly-A tail to its 3' end occurs in A eukaryotic…

A: Poly A tail is added to 3' end of the pre- mRNA once elongation is complete.  The polyA tail…

Q: Small nuclear RNAS are essential components of spliceosomes. O True O False

A: Small nuclear RNA is a class of small RNA molecules (approximately 150 nucleotides) that are found…

Q: Question 12 of 13 DNA A-5 GGG GCT AGC CCC 3 ONA B-3 ATA TAT ATA TCC S ONA C-5 TAC GTT ACG TCG 3 DNA…

A: DNA is a double stranded molecule with Adenine Guanine Cytosine and Thymine as nitrogen bases bonded…

Q: Lysogenic cells have phages that are: A actively synthesizing viral proteins B biosynthesizing only…

A: Phage viruses are viruses that infect the cells of microorganisms. On the basis of their host these…

Q: Question #3: CRISPR has been used to cure an individual from sickle cell. Below is a Sanger…

A: CRISPR/Cas9 technology is used to edits genes by precisely cutting DNA and then letting natural DNA…

Q: QUESTION 20 Which of the following polymerases is found in the nucleolus? O A. DNA polymerase III O…

A: Polymerase enzyme is responsible for the process of polymerizing the monomers into polymers.

Q: The Human Papilloma Virus is associated with cervical cancer because it is found only in womor

A: Human papillomavirus The human papillomavirus or HPV is a sexually transmitted infection(STI). The…

Proteins

We generally tend to think of proteins only from a dietary lens, as a component of what we eat. However, they are among the most important and abundant organic macromolecules in the human body, with diverse structures and functions. Every cell contains thousands and thousands of proteins, each with specific functions. Some help in the formation of cellular membrane or walls, some help the cell to move, others act as messages or signals and flow seamlessly from one cell to another, carrying information.  

Protein Expression

The method by which living organisms synthesize proteins and further modify and regulate them is called protein expression. Protein expression plays a significant role in several types of research and is highly utilized in molecular biology, biochemistry, and protein research laboratories.