Prove that the following conditions on a connected graph Γ are equivalent. Γ  is a tree. Given any two vertices v and w in Γ, there is a unique reduced edge path from v to w. For every edge e # E(Γ), removing e from Γ disconnects the graph. (Note: Removing e does not remove its associated vertices.)

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Prove that the following conditions on a connected graph Γ are equivalent.

  1. Γ  is a tree.
  2. Given any two vertices v and w in Γ, there is a unique reduced edge path from v to w.
  3. For every edge e # E(Γ), removing e from Γ disconnects the graph. (Note: Removing e does not remove its associated vertices.)
  4. If G is finite then #V (Γ) = #E(Γ) + 1.



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